地方政府的政策调适:组织适应与策略组合——一项质性元分析  

Policy Adaptation of Local Governments:Organizational Adaptation and Strategy Combinations——A Qualitative Meta-Analysis

作　　者：徐增阳[1] 何春芳 Xu Zengyang;He Chunfang(Faculty of Political Science,School of Public Administration,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学政治学部、公共管理学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第2期53-69,共17页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目“公共政策学自主话语体系建设研究”(CCNU24ZZ064)。

摘　　要：地方政府的政策调适是实现政策有效执行的重要手段。地方政府在何种政策情境下,选择何种调适策略,从而在实现政策目标的同时,还能兼顾地方政府的治理目标,既是一个实践问题,也是一个值得深入研究的理论问题。本文基于地方政府政策调适的40个本土案例研究,运用质性元分析的方法,通过摘录、编码、归类过程,系统地梳理了地方政府政策调适的影响因素以及调适策略的构成,并在此基础上,构建了地方政府政策调适的概念框架。研究发现,地方政府的政策调适行为受到政策属性、组织外部因素和组织内部因素的共同影响,地方政府根据由三个因素不同组合构成的政策情境,策略性选择政策转译、结构重塑的组织内部调适策略和向上借力、社会联结的组织外部调适策略。此外,地方政府的政策调适过程遵循组织适应的逻辑,只有当政策情境满足特定的条件时,地方政府才会采取主动的调适行为,并且根据不同的政策情境和政策执行阶段,采取有机的调适策略组合,从而推动政策的有效执行,并实现地方的有效治理。The adaptation of policies by local governments is a crucial mechanism for ensuring the effective implementation.It is both a practical and theoretical question that under what policy context,taking what adaptation strategy,so as to achieve policy goals while taking into account of the governance goals set by local governments.Based on the studies of 40 local cases,this paper employs qualitative meta-analysis to systematically identify the factors that influence the policy adaptation of local governments and categorize the corresponding adaptation strategies through the process of extracting,coding,and categorizing.On this basis,a conceptual framework for the policy adaptation of local governments is developed.The findings indicate that the policy adaptation behaviors of local governments are influenced collectively by policy attributes as well as external and internal organizational factors.Depending on the specific combinations of these three types of factors in different policy contexts,local governments strategically opt for internal adaptation strategies such as policy translation and structural reshaping alongside external strategies such as upward leverage and social networking.Furthermore,the process of adjusting policies at the local level adheres to principles of organizational adaptation;only when certain conditions are met will local governments proactively adjust their approaches and implement an effective combination of adaptive strategies tailored to specific policy contexts and stages of implementation—thereby facilitating successful policy-making outcomes while achieving efficient governance at the local level.

关 键 词：地方政府 政策调适 组织适应 策略组合 质性元分析 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]