基于模糊数学法的露天深孔预裂爆破效果综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Open-Pit Deep Hole Pre-Splitting Blasting Effect Based on Fuzzy Mathematics Method

作　　者：徐海声 张智宇[1,2] 李煜程 陈啸林 XU Haisheng;ZHANG Zhiyu;LI Yucheng;CHEN Xiaolin(College of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Advanced Blasting Technology Engineering Research Center of Yunnan Province Education Department,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]云南省教育厅爆破新技术工程研究中心,昆明650093

出　　处：《有色金属(中英文)》2025年第2期307-314,共8页Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52064025);云南省重大科技项目(202202AG050014)。

摘　　要：矿山开采过程中为保护边坡时会开展预裂爆破作业,四川一露天矿在边帮处的预裂爆破效果一般,现对预裂参数进行改进。为定量化分析改进后预裂参数的爆破效果,建立了以模糊数学为基础的露天深孔预裂爆破效果综合评价模型。模型中包含半孔率、预裂面平整性、破坏范围、降振效果及预裂缝宽度5个评价指标,经现场试验对露天深孔预裂爆破效果进行评价。统计结果:半孔率80.6%、预裂面不平整度12.9 cm、破坏范围68.5 cm、降振率27.1%、预裂缝宽度5.0 cm,评价结果v_(2)为良好且与现场爆破效果基本吻合,证明本文提出的预裂爆破评价模型是合理有效的。经计算改进后的预裂参数在取得良好的爆破效果的同时使预裂爆破作业成本下降了17.66%,具有较强的现实意义。本文研究可为预裂爆破参数选择及效果评价提供参考。In order to protect the slope during the mining process,the pre-splitting blasting operation will be carried out.The pre-splitting blasting effect at the slope of an open-pit mine in Sichuan is general.The pre-splitting parameters of this mine were optimized in this paper.In order to quantitatively analyze the blasting effect of the improved pre-splitting parameters,a comprehensive evaluation model of open-pit deep hole pre-splitting blasting effect based on fuzzy mathematics was established.The model included five evaluation indexes:half hole rate,pre-splitting surface flatness,failure range,vibration reduction effect and pre-crack width.The effect of open-pit deep hole pre-splitting blasting was evaluated by field test.The statistical results showed that the half hole rate was 80.6%,the pre-splitting surface roughness was 12.9 cm,the failure range was 68.5 cm,the vibration reduction rate was 27.1%,and the pre-splitting crack width was 5.0 cm.The evaluation result v_(2)was good and basically consistent with the on-site blasting effect,which proved that the pre-splitting blasting evaluation model proposed in this paper was reasonable and effective.The pre-splitting parameters after calculation and improvement have achieved good blasting effect and reduced the cost of pre-splitting blasting by 17.66%,which has strong practical significance.The research in this paper can provide reference for the selection of pre-splitting blasting parameters and effect evaluation.

关 键 词：模糊数学法 深孔预裂爆破 现场试验 效果评价 

分 类 号：TD235.37[矿业工程—矿井建设]