基于日汉对音资料的日语语音史研究:回顾与展望  

Studies of Japanese phonology history based on transcription materials between Japanese and Chinese:Review and prospect

作　　者：赵耀[1] Zhao Yao

机构地区：[1]东北大学,辽宁省沈阳市110819

出　　处：《高等日语教育》2024年第2期48-58,178,共12页Advanced Japanese Language Education

摘　　要：中国古代文献中的日汉对音资料是研究日语语音史,尤其是中世日语音系与语音变化的宝贵材料。日本语言学界利用日汉对音资料研究日语语音史的时间较早,在对于日汉对音资料的文献学研究、对音的日文转写以及日语的历史音系与语音演变研究等方面取得了丰硕成果。与之相比,我国日语学界对于日汉对音资料的语音学研究价值关注较晚,成果数量也相对有限。虽然日本学术界已经在该领域形成了较为成熟的研究范式,但仍存在两方面问题:在界定日汉对音资料的范围时将琉汉对音资料混入其中;在对音转写方法上脱离对音汉字的原字音,直接依据日语标准语的语音进行转写。完善上述问题有利于充分发挥日汉对音资料的记音价值,也有利于得出更为准确的对音转写方案,从而还原出真实的日语历史语音面貌。Transcription materials between Japanese and Chinese in Chinese classical literature are invaluable materials for the study of ancient Japanese phonetic system,particularly for understanding the medieval Japanese phonetic system and phonetic changes.Japanese linguists have been engaged in the study of Japanese phonology history using transcription materials between Japanese and Chinese for a long time and have made great achievements in the philological research,Japanese transcription,and the history of Japanese phonetic system and phonetic changes.In comparison,the study of the phonetic value of these transcription materials in Chinese academia has been relatively recent,with a correspondingly limited number of research outcomes.Although this research field has formed a relatively mature research paradigm,two notable issues remain:Transcription materials between Ryukyuan language and Chinese are sometimes conflated with transcription materials between Japanese and Chinese.Transcription methods often deviate from the original phonetic values of Chinese characters by relying on the modern standard Japanese pronunciation.Addressing these issues will enhance the phonetic value of these materials,allow for more accurate transcription methods,and better reconstruct the historical features of Japanese pronunciation.

关 键 词：日汉对音 文献学研究 日语转写 日语语音史 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]