中古时期新疆地区佛教僧侣世俗生活研究  

Study on the Secular Life of Buddhist Monks in Xinjiang in Medieval Times

作　　者：史浩成 Shi Haocheng

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学,北京100081

出　　处：《石窟寺研究》2024年第1期49-74,共26页Studies of the Cave Temples

摘　　要：新疆地区古代佛教寺院中僧侣生活的另一部分便是世俗生活,从僧侣日常生活的衣食住行到寺院经济生活中的农业、手工业、商业以及赋税等方面,都可以看出古代新疆地区寺院僧侣世俗生活多彩丰富。不仅如此,在僧侣世俗生活中,政治生活尤为重要,这是僧侣逐渐成为世俗社会一部分的过程,也是僧侣认同自身社会身份的重要表现,其中就包括外交、法律、社会救济以及军事防御等方面。而在目前新疆地区的考古发现中,仍有许多考古遗存可以反映出当时新疆地区古代佛教僧侣的世俗生活。故此根据上述僧侣世俗生活的情况,结合考古材料、出土文献与历史文献,采用情境与逻辑分析的方法,以此来复原古代新疆寺院僧侣的世俗生活,并了解边疆地区佛教寺院经济以及政治情况。Another part of the life of monks in ancient Buddhist temples in Xinjiang is secular life.From the daily necessities of life of monks to the agriculture,handicrafts,commerce,and taxation of temple economic life,we can see the secular life of monks in ancient Xinjiang temples,which was colorful and rich.Not only that,political life is particularly important in the secular life of monks.This is a process in which monks gradually become part of secular society,and it is also an important manifestation of monks’identification with their social identity,which includes diplomacy,law,social relief,and military defense.Among the current archaeological discoveries in Xinjiang,there are still many archaeological remains that can reflect the secular life of ancient Buddhist monks in Xinjiang at that time.Therefore,based on the secular life of the above-mentioned monks,combined with archaeological materials,unearthed documents and historical texts,a scenario and logical analysis methods are adopted to restore the secular life of monks in ancient Xinjiang monasteries and understand the economic and political conditions of Buddhist monasteries in border areas.

关 键 词：佛教考古 世俗生活 寺院经济 边疆政治 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学] B948[历史地理—中国史] K872[哲学宗教—宗教学]