道学政术非二事:康熙帝理学路径与康熙朝治道关系探究  

“The Neo-Confucianism of Confucianism and politics are not two separate things”:an exploration of the relationship between Emperor Kangxi’s Neo-Confucian path and the governance during the Kangxi Dynasty

作　　者：盘俊 Pan Jun

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院

出　　处：《朱子学研究》2024年第2期239-256,共18页Zhuism Journal

摘　　要：二帝三王之治是儒家所建立的治道合一典范,在深层影响着传统王朝政教理论和实践。康熙帝继承清初以来儒学化倾向,尊程朱理学为正宗,模仿整合宋儒所建立的道统,建构并反复强化具有“康熙色彩”的理学路径,兼具文本、义理、实践三个维度。由“四书”上探“五经”之“精意”,接续孔孟所传二帝三王心法道法,塑造以正统自居的圣王身份,最终“复现”上古理想之治于当朝,并被奠定为清王朝治国理政之“万年家法”。这一路径,为康熙帝设想的“大一统”格局提供了理论和方法论的指导,促进了康熙一朝尤其是中后期,结合现实局势,圆融灵活地处理民族关系,及以修书为中心的文教政策的展开与转进。The governance of Sage-king is a model of the combination of theory and practice established by Confucianism,which deeply influences the traditional political and religious theory and practice of dynasties.Emperor Kangxi inherited the Confucianization trend since the early Qing Dynasty,respected Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism as the orthodox,imitated and integrated the orthodoxy established by the Song Dynasty Confucians,constructed and repeatedly strengthened the Neo-Confucian path with“Kangxi style”,which has three dimensions:text,examination of implications,and practice.From the Four Books,explored the“essence”of the Five Classics,continued the law of mind(xinfa)and the law of Confucian(daofa)of the Sage-king passed down by Confucius and Mencius,and finally“reproduced”the ideal governance of ancient times in the Qing Dynasty,which was shaped into the“ancestor’s rules”of governing the country in the Qing Dynasty.This path provided theoretical and methodological possibilities for“the Great Unification”pattern envisioned by Emperor Kangxi,combined with the actual situation,promoted the flexible handling of ethnic relations during the reign of Emperor Kangxi,and the development and transformation of the cultural and educational policy centered on book revision,especially in the middle and late periods.

关 键 词：康熙帝 理学路径 圣王身份 “大一统” 

分 类 号：B249[哲学宗教—中国哲学] K249.2[历史地理—历史学]