从季本的“诚意”思想看理学向心学的转变  

Analysing the transformation of LiXue to XinXue from the perspective of Ji Ben’s“sincerity”thought

作　　者：陈春芳 Chen Chunfang

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系

出　　处：《朱子学研究》2024年第2期221-238,共18页Zhuism Journal

基　　金：福建省社科基金青年项目“规范伦理学视域下的朱子学研究及其现代转化”(项目编号:FJ2022C091);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“朱子‘诚意’思想的建立与发展研究”(项目编号:20720221038)

摘　　要：王门弟子季本曾对“诚意”之学多有阐发,其背后蕴含着丰富的思想史信息。在批判朱子“诚意”说的基础上,季本接续了其师的理论进路,进一步从心学脉络对“诚意”文本进行了详细的注解。在季本看来,朱子以“实”训“诚”具有造成天道与人道二分的倾向,“诚”应当以“成”训之,乃个人“自成”之意,这实质上是将人道归纵于天道,个人成为天命流行中的必要一环。对“意”而言,季本将其定义为“天命流行之几”,“诚意”工夫也就是“成就此天命流行之几”,从而与天命流行相接轨。在“诚意”工夫中,“谨独”作为“诚意之要”,强调在体上用功,以恢复天命本体精纯贞一的状态。总体来说,朱子的“诚意”思想体现出天道与人道分殊统一的理学架构,季本的“诚意”思想体现了天道与人道纵贯为一的心学架构,这背后所揭示出的义理脉络,使得“诚意”构成了观察理学转向心学的研究新视点。Ji Ben has explained the thinking of“sincerity”,which contains rich information about the history of thought.On the basis of criticizing Zhu Xi’s theory of“sincerity”,Ji Ben further explained the thinking of“sincerity”in detail.From Ji Ben’s point of view,ZhuZi’s explaining of“sincerity”has created a dichotomy between heaven and humanity.“Sincerity”should be explained with“accomplishment”,which means“achievement”.The individual has become a necessary link in the process of the operation of heaven.As far as“Yi“is concerned,Ji Ben defines it as“The key to the process of heaven”,and“sincerity”is also“Achieve this heavenly process”.In the effort of“sincerity”,“Jin Du”emphasizes on exerting force on the ontological level to restore the state of purity and chastity of the essence of heaven.In general,ZhuZi’s thought of“sincerity”reflects the framework of the unity of heaven and humanity,while Ji Ben’s thought of“sincerity”reflects the framework of the integration of heaven and humanity,which reveals the thinking behind this making“sincerity”an important perspective for the transformation of LiXue to XinXue.

关 键 词：季本 朱子 诚意 谨独 

分 类 号：B248.99[哲学宗教—中国哲学]