从“独乃未发之中”至“独无间于中和”——论湛甘泉和刘蕺山“慎独”思想之关联  

Changing from Solitude is Unexpressed Equilibrium(Zhong)of the Mind to Solitude is Run through Equilibrium and Harmony:Theories about Relevance between Zhan Ganquan and Liu Jishan Concerning Vigilance in Solitude

作　　者：韩雪 Han Xue

机构地区：[1]河海大学马克思主义学院 [2]华东师范大学哲学系文明互鉴研究中心

出　　处：《朱子学研究》2024年第2期205-220,共16页Zhuism Journal

基　　金：江苏省2022年基金项目“清初江南地区士人‘乡村自治’行为对当代基层工作启示研究”(项目编号:22JD013);河海大学2023年中央业务费人文社科专项经费青年项目“晚明清初江南士人的下层教化思想研究”(项目编号:B230207073)

摘　　要：刘蕺山以“慎独”为学问宗旨,他将“独”视作“独体”,独体无间于中和,贯彻动静等一切过程,“慎独”也不是已发念虑之学,而是“致中以致和”的全体大用之功。无独有偶,湛甘泉同样提出了“独体”概念,以之为“未发之中”,并将“慎独”理解为“体认天理”的根本之学。蕺山文本中虽无直接评述甘泉学说,但双方不仅存在师承渊源,且学理特点中实有相似之处。有必要探究二者“慎独”思想之关联所在,以解读和衡定其中理论本质。Liu Jishan took Vigilance in Solitude as the tenet of learning.He regarded Solitude as Noumenon,which is seamless in the state of Equilibrium and Harmony and pervades all processes from Flowing to Static.Vigilance in Solitude is not the study of Expressed thoughts but rather ultimate effort run through all-encompassing significant.Coincidentally,Zhan Ganquan also put forward the concept of Solitude,considering it as ultimate and interpreting Vigilance in Solitude as the fundamental theories of“recognizing the principle”.Although there is no direct commentary on Zhan’s theory in Liu’s books,not only do they have a mentoring origin but also here are indeed similarities in their theoretical characteristics.Hence,it is necessary to explore the connection of their thoughts on Vigilance in Solitude in order to interpret and determine the theoretical essence of these learning.

关 键 词：湛甘泉 刘蕺山 独体 未发之中 

分 类 号：B248.99[哲学宗教—中国哲学]