三门峡市大学生HPV疫苗认知和接种情况及疫苗犹豫原因分析  

HPV vaccine cognition and vaccination status of college students in Sanmenxia City and reason analysis of vaccine hesitation

作　　者：顾培伦 谷雨 Gu Peilun;Gu Yu(Sanmenxia Polytechnic,Sanmenxia Henan,472000,CHINA;College of Applied Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Sanmenxia Henan,472000,China)

机构地区：[1]三门峡职业技术学院,河南三门峡472000 [2]河南科技大学应用工程学院,河南三门峡472000

出　　处：《中外女性健康研究》2025年第3期177-180,共4页Women's Health Research

摘　　要：目的:了解三门峡地区三所高校大学生对人乳头瘤病毒(以下简称HPV)、HPV疫苗的认知情况,了解大学生疫苗接种意愿、探究大学生疫苗犹豫的影响因素。为三门峡地区大学生宫颈癌健康教育及HPV疫苗的接种推广提供依据。方法:采用问卷调查的方法,对三门峡地区大学生HPV疫苗认知、疫苗接种情况及疫苗犹豫原因进行调查。结果:三门峡地区三所高校2858位大学生对8个HPV相关问题总知晓率为76.23%,不同问题知晓率存在统计学差异(χ2=559.647,P<0.001),其中对我国上市的九价HPV疫苗知晓率最高,为88.0%,对HPV阳性不一定患有宫颈癌知晓率最低,为68.93%。在比较不同群体对不同问题的知晓率中,医学专业知晓率高于非医学专业,高年级学生知晓率高于低年级学生,女大学生高于男大学生。获取HPV相关知识的主要途径:电视网络报刊、宣传单画及板报、医生科普等。三门峡地区三所高校2080位女大学生中,HPV疫苗接种率为11.68%。1837位未接种HPV疫苗的女大学生中,疫苗犹豫的主要原因为:疫苗难以预约或缺乏预约途径、疫苗价格昂贵等原因。结论:目前三门峡市大学生对HPV及疫苗相关知识虽有一定了解,但仍存在误区,且疫苗接种率不高。应加大疫苗供应数量,增加预约途径,降低疫苗价格或进入医保。同时应加大HPV相关知识宣传力度,以获得更高的接种率。Objective:The purpose of this study was to understand the cognitive status of human papillomavirus(HPV)and its vaccine among college students in three universities in Sanmenxia City,explore their willingness to vaccinate,and analyze the factors affecting their vaccine hesitation.Methods:The results of this study will provide evidence for cervical cancer health education and HPV vaccine promotion among college students in Sanmenxia area.Results:The HPV vaccination situation,reasons for vaccine hesitation and vaccine cognition of college students in Sanmenxia area were investigated by questionnaire.The results showed that among 2858 college students from three universities in Sanmenxia area,the total awareness rate of 8 HPV-related problems was 76.23%,the awareness rate of each problem was significantly different(χ2=559.647,P<0.001).Among them,the awareness rate of the nine-valent HPV vaccine listed in China was the highest(88.0%),the awareness rate of HPV-positive cervical cancer was the lowest(68.93%).When comparing the awareness rate of different student groups on different problems,medical majors,senior students and female college students perform better.The main ways to obtain HPV related knowledge include television,network,newspapers,leaflets and board newspapers,doctors science popularization.Among 2,080 female college students in three universities in Sanmenxia area,the HPV vaccination rate was 11.68 percent.Among 1,837 female college students who had not been vaccinated against HPV,the main reasons for vaccine hesitation included the difficulty or lack of access to the vaccine appointment,and the high price of the vaccine.Conclusion:Therefore,it is necessary to increase the number of vaccines available,increase access to appointments,reduce the price of vaccines or include them in health insurance,increase the awareness of HPV to improve vaccination rates.

关 键 词：宫颈癌 HPV疫苗 大学生 疫苗犹豫 

分 类 号：R737.33[医药卫生—肿瘤]