人类学与美国中国史研究的“文化转向”  

Anthropology and the "Cultural Turn" in American Chinese Studies

作　　者：陈祖根 CHEN Zugen

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒学高等研究院,250100

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2025年第1期57-64,202,共9页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“70多年来美国中国学研究范式的形成与变迁研究(1945—2019)”(20YJA770016)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：20世纪八九十年代,人类学携手“文化转向”重新塑造了美国中国史研究的面貌。美国中国史研究的“文化转向”由汉学人类学开启。象征人类学构建了美国中国学新文化史研究的基本方法。借助特纳的“象征—仪式”理论,美国学界的中国史研究者在葬礼等仪式研究上与人类学交流互鉴。格尔茨的解释人类学则重塑了美国中国史研究的叙述方式和解释体系。象征人类学尤其是格尔茨的理论在史学界遭到很多批判。美国中国学界的新文化史研究引入实践理论导向的人类学对自身的研究路径进行调整和完善。这段学术史也是认识人类学与历史学关系的一枚透镜。In the 1980s and 1990s,anthropology,hand in hand with the "cultural turn",reshaped the Chinese history studies in the United States.The "cultural turn" in Chinese history studies in the U.S.was initiated by sinological anthropology.Symbolic anthropology constructed the basic methodology of the new cultural history of Chinese studies in the U.S..With the help of Turner's "symbol-ritual" theory,Chinese history researchers in the American academic community continued to learn from anthropology in the study of funerals and other rituals.Geertz's interpretive anthropology,on the other hand,has reshaped the narrative and interpretive system of American Chinese history Studies.Symbolic anthropology,especially Geertz's theory,has been much criticized in historiography.The new cultural history of American Chinese studies has learned from the anthropology of practice theory to adjust and improve its own research path.This academic history also serves as a lens through which we understand the relationship between anthropology and history.

关 键 词：美国中国学 新文化史 汉学人类学 象征人类学 实践理论 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理]