信仰自由与公民教育:美国公立学校改革运动中的阿米什人(1860—1930)  

Religious Freedom and Civic Education:The Amish in the American Public School Reform Movement(1860—1930)

作　　者：罗姗 LUO Shan

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,610064

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2025年第1期122-134,204,共14页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“19世纪美国工业化转型中的农村、农业与农民问题研究”(18ZDA211)阶段成果。

摘　　要：阿米什人致力于维护子女教育上的信仰自由权,这与美国政府的公民同化教育目标相抵触,因此屡遭政府惩罚并最终促使阿米什学校建立。内战时期至20世纪初,政府试图通过公立学校改革对少数族群开展公民同化教育,结果导致二者之间教育冲突的加剧。解决教育冲突的过程,一方面反映出阿米什人维护自身信仰和少数族群抵制同化的决心,另一方面,政府的教育管理政策受此影响逐渐趋向多元化,对公民的要求不再局限于爱国主义和文化同化,也重视公民平等的受教育权和信仰自由权。The Amish have been committed to preserving their children's right to freedom of religious belief in education,which have clashed with the U.S.government's goal of civic assimilation education,leading to repeated government punishments and ultimately the establishment of Amish schools.From the Civil War period to the early 20th century,the government attempted to carry out civic assimilation education for minority groups through public school reforms,resulting in intensified educational conflicts between the two.The process of resolving these educational conflicts on one hand reflected the determination of the Amish to uphold their beliefs and the resistance of minority groups to assimilation,and on the other hand made the government's educational management policies more diversified.It no longer required citizens to fulfill patriotism and achieve cultural assimilation only,but emphasized equal educational rights and freedom of religious belief for all citizens.

关 键 词：美国公立学校改革运动 阿米什人 信仰自由 公民教育 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]