认知灵活性与情感灵活性的加工机制及其对心理健康的影响  

Cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility:processing mechanisms and impact on mental health

作　　者：谭力维 成嘉予 康春花[2] 许红慧 伍海燕 Liwei Tan;Jiayu Cheng;Chunhua Kang;Honghui Xu;Haiyan Wu(Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences and Department of Psychology,University of Macao,Taipa,Macao SAR 999078,China;Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for the Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Children and Adolescents,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;School of Education,South-Central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]澳门大学认知与脑科学研究中心,澳门大学心理系,中国澳门999078 [2]浙江师范大学浙江省儿童青少年心理健康与危机干预智能实验室,金华321004 [3]中南民族大学教育学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《科学通报》2025年第8期1005-1017,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：澳门科技发展基金(0041/2022/A);广东省科技项目(2019A050510048);浙江师范大学心理学院浙江省儿童青少年心理健康与危机干预智能实验室重点开放基金(23MHCICAZD04)资助。

摘　　要：认知灵活性和情感灵活性与个体的心理健康密切相关.作为认知控制的一个子成分,认知灵活性和情感灵活性分别属于“冷”“热”认知控制系统.目前,两者共享相同还是特异性的加工机制尚不清楚.此外,认知灵活性和情感灵活性加工机制的异常与多种心理疾病相关,然而,两者对心理健康的影响尚未系统梳理.因此,本文将阐述认知灵活性和情感灵活性加工机制的异同,以及异常个体的认知灵活性和情感灵活性的加工机制,指出提升认知灵活性和情感灵活性的途径以及未来研究方向.这将有利于厘清认知灵活性和情感灵活性的神经机制,并从认知灵活性和情感灵活性角度为改善重度抑郁症、自闭症和精神分裂症的神经干预靶点、治疗方法和愈后手段提供重要的参考信息.Cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility are closely associated with an individual’s mental health.Higher cognitive flexibility and/or affective flexibility are related to better ability to cope with various non-emotional or emotional tasks,increased Psychol Resilience,emotion regulation ability,and subjective well-being.However,when cognitive flexibility and/or affective flexibility are impaired,individuals may exhibit decreased behavioral performance,and in severe cases,they may exhibit psychological and mental disorders such as major depression,autism spectrum disorder,and schizophrenia.The main objective of this article is to elucidate the processing mechanisms of cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility,as well as the impact of cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility on mental health.In terms of processing mechanisms of cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility,cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility belong to the“cold”and“hot”cognitive control systems,respectively.Previous research has indicated common and distinct processing mechanisms between the“cold”and“hot”cognitive control systems,however,it remains unclear whether cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility,as subcomponents of cognitive control,share the same processing mechanisms.Regarding the relationship between cognitive flexibility,affective flexibility,and mental health,there is a lack of systematic understanding of the impact of cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility on an individual’s mental health,especially in individuals with psychological and mental disorders.Therefore,this article first introduced the classical paradigms used to measure the cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility,including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test,task-switching task,and reversal learning task.Then we reviewed studies utilizing these tasks to reveal the mechanisms underlying cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility.We summarized that cognitive flexibility and affective flexibility

关 键 词：认知灵活性 情感灵活性 心理健康 神经机制 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]