《离骚》“聊逍遥以相羊”辨——兼论“相羊”“逍遥”之关系  

A Discussion on“Liao Xiaoyao Yi Xiangyang”(聊逍遥以相羊)in Fallen into Sorrow(离骚)——On the Relationship Between“Xiangyang”(相羊)and“Xiaoyao”(逍遥)

作　　者：朱佩弦 陈智巧 ZHU Peixian;CHEN Zhiqiao(College of Chinese Literature and Media,Hubei University of Arts and Science,Xiangyang 441053,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北文理学院文学与传媒学院,湖北襄阳441053

出　　处：《韶关学院学报》2025年第1期62-67,共6页Journal of Shaoguan University

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目(18FZW055)。

摘　　要：《离骚》“聊逍遥以相羊”一句,《文选》及部分近世《楚辞》注本俱作“聊须臾以相羊”,历代注家释“须臾”之义或与“逍遥”等同视之,或别作他解。然《离骚》定型成篇时,其文字面貌与本初意义当固定唯一,但取“逍遥”“须臾”何词及何义为是,学界往往付之阙如,不作细考;其实考察汉字音韵的发展流变历史可知,“须臾”的出现,实为其在中古音系中与“逍遥”音同或音近而导致的误抄,当仍取“逍遥”之面貌及意义为是。而“相羊”与“逍遥”之所以被多数注家同解作“游戏”义,也正在于上古音系中二者可以通过“阴阳对转”的方式实现音同义通的缘故。The sentence“Liao Xiaoyao Yi Xiangyang”(聊逍遥以相羊)in Fallen into Sorrow(离骚),was written as“Liao Xuyu Yi Xiangyang”(聊须臾以相羊)in Wenxuan(文选)and some annotations of Chuci(楚辞).Most scholiasts hold that“Xuyu”(须臾)’s meaning equals to that of“Xiaoyao”(逍遥)and few scholiasts offer other explanations.However,the words and meanings were defined uniquely when Fallen into Sorrow(离骚)was written,and the academic world quite often ignore this or rarely make a detailed study.It can be seen that“Xuyu”(须臾)was indeed the mistaken writing of“Xiaoyao”(逍遥)because of the same pronunciation in middle ancient sound system,considering the process of Chinese Phonology.Hence,the author believes that“Xiaoyao”(逍遥)is a proper choice.And as for“Xiangyang”(相羊)and“Xiaoyao”(逍遥),the reason the two words were often referred to wander is that they both mean the same with the help of“YinYangDuiZhuan”(阴阳对转)in the ancient sound system.

关 键 词：《离骚》 逍遥 须臾 相羊 音韵 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语] I207.22[文学—中国文学]