技术起义与以暴制暴——论本雅明对现代“艺术神学”的斗争策略  

Technological Revolt and Counter-Violence——On Benjamin’s Struggle Strategy for Modern“Theology of Art”

作　　者：方裕周 FANG Yuzhou(College of Humanities,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321001,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院,浙江金华321001

出　　处：《韶关学院学报》2025年第1期99-108,共10页Journal of Shaoguan University

摘　　要：技术是本雅明展开现代性批判的核心切入点,现代“艺术神学”的统治逻辑造就了“政治审美化”的暴力美学,实证主义与高扬线性直线进步观的历史主义通过在自然领域与精神领域的双重先验化,进而共同串联起了资本主义现代性的形而上学闭环。这两者的合题就构成了法西斯统治者觊觎已久的技术先验化。技术先验化利用科学规律为技术淤积的破坏性力量打起了进步的幌子,这使技术进步有瞬间翻转成历史倒退的危险。基于此等“危急状况”,本雅明用“以暴制暴”的姿态发出了“艺术政治化”的呐喊。“艺术政治化”通过觉醒的无产阶级来动员技术在资产阶级内部发动起义,使技术由此转化为一种极具革命性的先锋艺术生产力,与此同时技术应在完成对资产阶级体制的起义之后,复归到无产阶级麾下进行废墟之上的建设重构,以期达至一种在生活中搭起舞台,在舞台上竖起讲台的“世俗启迪”理想状态。Technology constitutes the core entry point of Benjamin’s critique of modernity.The governing logic of modern“theology of art”gives rise to the violent aesthetics of“political aestheticization”,and positivism and historicism,which advocate the notion of linear progress,establish the metaphysical closed loop of capitalist modernity through double transcendentalization in both the natural and spiritual domains.The convergence of these two factors forms the technological transcendentalization that fascist rulers have long craved.Technological transcendentalization employs the laws of science to fabricate the guise of progress for the destructive force of technological stasis,thereby causing technological progress to instantaneously revert to the peril of historical regression.In light of this“critical juncture”,Benjamin issued a cry of“politicization of art”with the stance of“countering violence with violence”.“Politicization of art”mobilizes technology to stage an uprising within the bourgeoisie via the awakened proletariat,thereby transforming technology into a revolutionary avant-garde artistic productivity.Simultaneously,technology should revert to the proletariat upon the completion of the uprising against the bourgeois system and undertake reconstruction on the ruins of the proletariat,with the aim of establishing an ideal state of“secular enlightenment”where a podium is erected on the stage.

关 键 词：本雅明 技术 艺术神学 历史唯物主义 

分 类 号：J0-02[艺术—艺术理论]