考虑动力电池回收的新能源汽车供应链生态设计模式研究  

Research on Ecological Design Mode of New Energy Vehicle Supply Chain Considering Power Battery Recycling

作　　者：刘娟娟 谢加孙 张为四 LIU Juanjuan;XIE Jiasun;ZHANG Weisi(School of Economics and Management,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China;Logistics Research Center,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学经济管理学院,上海201306 [2]上海海事大学物流研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2024年第12期69-76,I0023-I0027,共13页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(15BGL084)。

摘　　要：考虑生态设计模式和动力电池回收,建立了整车制造商、电池生产商分别生态设计以及双方合作生态设计的新能源汽车闭环供应链模型,采用博弈论,研究不同模式下供应链成员的最优决策。研究表明:在整车制造商、电池生产商分别生态设计模式下,生态设计水平、回收率以及参与方利润与生态设计成本系数相关。在三种模式下,电池批发价、整车零售价受到生态设计成本系数的影响;废旧电池回收价格不受生态设计模式的影响,且废旧电池回收价格、回收率与可再制造的电池比例正相关;当上下游企业进行生态设计时,上游企业会向下游转移生态设计成本。合作生态设计模式下,供应链的生态设计水平、回收率及供应链成员利润均优于另外两种生态设计模式。整车制造商和电池生产商各自降低生态设计成本,更有利于提升企业的生态设计水平。Ecological design takes environmental factors into consideration at the very beginning of the supply chain to optimize product design and reduce the harmful impact of products on the environment in the whole life cycle.The relevant standards for cleaner automobile production process,low-carbon life cycle energy,green standardization of product design and remanufacturing and reuse of automobile parts are to be improved,as pointed out in the Establishment and Improvement of Carbon Peak Carbon Neutralization Standards jointly issued by nine departments including the General Administration of Market Supervision in 2022.Given the service life of power batteries,China Automotive Technology Research Center estimates 70800 tons of waste power batteries by 2030.To deal with this large number of retired waste batteries,upstream and downstream enterprises of the supply chain need to think about some new problems such as how to carry out ecological design and how to deal with the recycling of waste batteries to keep a sustainable development of the new energy vehicle industry.Actually,at the front end of the new energy vehicle supply chain,battery enterprises and new energy vehicle enterprises have begun to cooperate while paying attention to their own product ecological design.Furthermore,in the downstream of supply chain,third-party recycling enterprises are leveraging their advantages and playing an increasingly important role in the recycling,dismantling and recycling of waste batteries and in the cascade utilization.This paper will focus on discussing the following issues:(1)How will different ecological design modes impact the decision-making of supply chain members?(2)What is the optimal ecological design mode?How does the cost coefficient of ecological design affect supply chain decision-making?(3)Under different ecological design modes,what is the impact of the proportion of waste batteries for remanufacturing on the recovery rate?Ecological design modes and battery recycling issues are at the core of the discussion

关 键 词：生态设计 动力电池回收 新能源汽车 闭环供应链 

分 类 号：F279[经济管理—企业管理]