中国高等教育评估政策40年:脉络、逻辑与经验  

Forty years of higher education evaluation policies in China:context,characteristics,and lessons learned

作　　者：杨天平[1] 徐禹 YANG Tianping;XU Yu(Institute for High-Quality Education Development,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;College of Education,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学高质量教育发展研究院,浙江金华321004 [2]浙江师范大学教育学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期83-95,共13页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划重点课题“经典逻辑与价值逻辑的统一——教育管理学通论研究”(21NDJC003Z)。

摘　　要：基于1985—2024年92份政策文本的考察,构建了政策目标、政策工具、政策目标—政策工具的三维分析框架,以此梳理中国高等教育评估政策的历史脉络。40年来,中国高等教育评估政策经历了试点、探索、规范和多元化四个发展阶段,并呈现出三个发展逻辑:一是在政策目标上实现了从宏观到具体的目标转变;二是在政策工具上体现了从探索到实施的渐进式发展;三是在政策目标—政策工具上实现了从简单线性搭配到复杂嵌合的过程。总结中国高等教育评估政策所走过的40年发展道路,有四点基本经验:一是必须坚持政策体系的科学导向性;二是必须坚持政策目标的实践操作性;三是必须坚持政策工具的动态发展性;四是必须坚持政策目标—政策工具的组合优化性。Based on an analysis of 92 policy documents from 1985 to 2024,this paper constructs a three-dimensional analytical framework of policy goals,policy tools,and the relationship between policy goals and tools to examine the historical context of China’s higher education evaluation policies.Over the past 40 years,China’s higher education evaluation policies have gone through four development stages:pilot,exploration,standardization,and diversification.They also exhibit three logical developments:first,in terms of policy goals,there has been a shift from macro-level educational planning to specific educational practices;second,in terms of policy tools,there has been a gradual progression from exploration to implementation;third,in the relationship between policy goals and tools,there has been a transition from simple linear pairing to complex integration.A systematic review of the 40-year developmental trajectory of China’s higher education evaluation policies reveals four basic lessons:first,it is essential to maintain the scientific orientation of the policy system;second,the practical applicability of policy goals must be upheld;third,the dynamic development of policy tools should be emphasized;and fourth,the optimization of the policy goal-tool combination must be ensured.

关 键 词：高等教育评估 评估政策 政策目标 政策工具 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]