流域生物地球化学循环与表层地球系统层圈相互作用  

Watershed biogeochemical cycles and multi-sphere interactions in Earth’s surface system

作　　者：李思亮 王欣楚 戚羽霖 钟君[1] 丁虎 文航 刘学炎[1,2] 郎赟超 易沅壁 王宝利[1] 刘丛强[1] LI Siliang;WANG Xinchu;QI Yulin;ZHONG Jun;DING Hu;WEN Hang;LIU Xueyan;LANG Yunchao;YI Yuanbi;WANG Baoli;Liu Cong-Qiang(Research Center for Watershed Biogeochemical Cycle,School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,China;Department of Ocean Science and Center for Ocean Research in Hong Kong and Macao,The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学地球系统科学学院流域生物地球化学循环研究中心,天津300072 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550081 [3]香港科技大学海洋科学系,中国香港999077

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第3期62-77,共16页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42221001,42293262)。

摘　　要：流域是表层地球系统中相对独立的单元或子系统,通过对流域系统性和综合性的研究能更深刻地理解表层地球系统层圈相互作用。流域物质循环是全球生物地球化学循环的重要组成部分,反映了表层地球系统各层圈之间的能量和物质循环状态,同时也反作用于各层圈的运行和维持。本研究综述了流域生物地球化学循环与地球层圈相互作用之间的关联机制,重点探讨了人类世以来强烈人为活动和全球气候变化对流域物质循环和生态环境的影响。首先分析了流域生物地球化学循环特征及其与全球变化的相互关联,其次剖析了流域生物地球化学循环与全球环境变化之间的互馈作用,以及人类世人为活动对流域生物地球化学循环的强烈扰动,然后解析了流域过程与全球生态系统之间的相互联系和作用机制。综合分析表明人类世以来强烈的人为活动极大地扰动/加速了地表部分物质循环,导致流域系统多个关键变量参数超过生态环境突变临界点,也极大地影响多层圈物质循环和地球系统的稳定维持。最后根据当前流域科学发展态势与挑战,提出了流域生物地球化学循环的研究前沿,通过研究范式变革、人工智能和多同位素等多学科新方法技术融合,指明了微生物等多因素驱动新机制以及构建流域动态系统模型等新方向,最终为深刻理解表层地球系统层圈作用的运行机制和人类可持续发展提供科学基础。Watersheds(catchments)represent relatively self-contained units or subsystems within the Earth’s surface system.Systematic and integrated studies of watersheds provide valuable insights into the interactions across multiple spheres.The biogeochemical cycles within watersheds constitute a critical component of global biogeochemical cycles,reflecting the energy and material exchange dynamics among these interconnected subsystems.Moreover,these cycles exert reciprocal influences on the functioning and stability of each sphere.This review explores the mechanisms linking biogeochemical cycles in watersheds with multi-sphere interactions,focusing on the impacts of intensive anthropogenic activities and global climate change in the Anthropocene.Firstly,the characteristics of watershed biogeochemical cycles and their interconnections with global change are systematically analyzed.Secondly,the feedback mechanisms between watershed biogeochemical cycles and global environmental change emphasize profound anthropogenic disturbances.Thirdly,the intricate linkages between watershed processes and global ecosystems are elucidated through their underlying interaction mechanisms.Comprehensive analysis reveals that intense anthropogenic activities have substantially disrupted or accelerated certain material cycles,pushing critical environmental parameters beyond ecological thresholds.These disruptions have far-reaching consequences for the stability of multi-sphere material cycles and the overall stability of the Earth system.Finally,in light of the current trends and challenges in watershed science,this study identifies research frontiers in watershed biogeochemical cycles.These include transformative research paradigms,the integration of interdisciplinary approaches such as artificial intelligence(AI)and multi-isotope techniques,exploration of microbial and other multi-factorial driving mechanisms,and advancements in dynamic system modeling.The efforts aim to provide a scientific foundation for a deeper understanding of the ope

关 键 词：表层地球系统 流域 生物地球化学 层圈相互作用 全球变化 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学] X142[天文地球—地质学] P51[环境科学与工程—环境科学]