表层地球系统科学视角下的生态系统科学研究  

Ecosystem science research from the perspective of surface Earth system science

作　　者：王铁军 晏智锋 宋照亮[1,2] 周浩然 孙新超 陈伟 李攀[1,2] 刘丛强 WANG Tiejun;AN Zhifeng;SONG Zhaoliang;ZHOU Haoran;SUN Xinchao;CHEN Wei;LI Pan;LIU Cong-Qiang(Ecosystem Science Research Center,School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Tianjin Bohai Rim Coastal Earth Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学地球系统科学学院生态系统科学研究中心,天津300072 [2]天津环渤海滨海地球关键带国家野外科学观测研究站,天津300072

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第3期78-91,共14页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42293262,R212400)。

摘　　要：表层地球系统科学强调地球圈层间相互作用的整体性、动态平衡和互馈机制,为研究生态系统的结构、功能及其演变规律以及人类活动的影响提供了新的理论框架和方法体系。本文从表层地球系统科学的视角出发,探讨了生态系统科学在相关研究领域中的地位和作用,并梳理了当前的热点议题和面临的挑战。首先,讨论了表层地球系统科学与生态系统科学的关系:前者关注地球表层各圈层之间的相互作用及其整体行为,后者通过研究生态系统能量和物质流动,探究与其他圈层之间的协同演变机制。其次,探讨了表层地球系统科学对生态系统科学研究的理论革新,特别是多圈层耦合框架和复杂系统理论的引入,推动了生态系统科学从局部到全球、从静态到动态的研究范式转变。结合从局部观测到全球整合的发展趋势,本文还讨论了系统观测与数据集成、跨尺度建模技术、新兴技术和指标等在生态系统科学研究中的重要应用。从多圈层相互作用的角度出发,讨论了全球变化背景下生态系统与其他地表圈层间的关联关系,以及对全球变化的响应与适应机制等问题,表明通过整合不同圈层间的互作机制,可以为研究生态系统稳定性和服务功能等提供重要的科学基础。最后,面对人类活动加剧的全球变化,本文指出生态系统科学需要进一步整合遥感技术、大数据分析和人工智能等新兴技术,以深刻揭示人类世背景下生态系统的演变规律以及非线性响应机制和临界阈值等问题,为全球可持续发展提供科学依据和决策支持。Surface earth system science(SESS)emphasizes the holistic nature,dynamic balance,and feedback mechanisms among Earth’s surface spheres,providing a new theoretical and methodological framework for studying the structure,function,and evolution of ecosystems.From the perspective of SESS,this review discusses the importance of ecosystem science(ES)in related research fields,and outlines current hot topics and challenges.We first discuss how SESS and ES are related:the former focuses on the interactions and collective behavior of various Earth’s surface spheres,while the latter investigates the co-evolutionary mechanisms with other spheres through the study of energy and material flows within ecosystems.Secondly,the theoretical innovations brought by SESS to ES’s research are explored,particularly the introduction of the multi-sphere coupling framework and complex systems theory,which have transformed ES’s research from local to global scales.Based on the current trend from local to global integrated studies,we also discuss the important applications of systematic observation and data integration,cross-scale modeling techniques,and emerging technologies and indicators in ES-related research.Within the framework of multi-sphere interactions,this review examines the relationships between ecosystems and other Earth’s surface spheres in the context of global change,as well as the response and adaptation mechanisms of ecosystems.The results indicate that integrating interaction mechanisms between different Earth’s surface spheres can provide a crucial scientific basis for studying ecosystem stability and service functions.Finally,in light of intensified global change due to human activities,the review points out that ES needs to further integrate emerging technologies such as remote sensing,big data analytics,and artificial intelligence to deeply uncover the evolutionary patterns of ecosystems in the Anthropocene,as well as nonlinear response mechanisms and critical thresholds,thereby providing scientific evide

关 键 词：表层地球系统科学 生态系统科学 互作机制 全球变化 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]