同位素地球化学与地球系统圈层相互作用和全球变化研究  

Isotope geochemistry and its application in Earth system sphere interactions and global change

作　　者：陈玖斌 郑旺 刘羿 孙若愚 袁玮[1] 孟梅 蔡虹明 刘丛强[1] CHEN Jiubin;ZHENG Wang;LIU Yi;SUN Ruoyu;YUAN Wei;MENG Mei;CAI Hongming;Liu Cong-Qiang(Center for Advanced Science of Isotopes,School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学地球系统科学学院同位素前沿科学研究中心,天津300072

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第3期137-155,共19页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42421003,42293262)。

摘　　要：地球系统是由地质圈、生物圈和人类圈构成的一个有机整体,研究这一复杂系统各圈层内部和圈层之间的物质能量交换及其动力学机制是地球系统科学研究的核心内容。圈层之间的物质能量交换主要受控于水和主微量元素生物地球化学循环。因此,元素的生物地球化学循环是联系地球系统各圈层的物质基础和制约或影响全球变化的关键机制。此外,在社会经济高速发展背景下,人类活动正深刻改变着元素生物地球化学循环,使地球系统发生前所未有的变化。如何精准刻画元素生物地球化学循环、揭示其动力学机制、预测其未来演变趋势及其对生态系统的影响,已成为地球系统科学前沿研究任务和面临的根本挑战。而同位素可有效追踪物质的跨圈层迁移转化和生物地球化学循环,在圈层相互作用和全球变化研究中发挥着不可替代的作用。本文回顾了近年来传统和非传统稳定同位素在示踪圈层相互作用和全球变化方面的研究现状,总结了地球系统各圈层典型同位素组成分布,阐述了圈层界面过程同位素分馏机制,追踪了人类活动对地球环境-生态系统的影响,梳理了地球系统科学框架下同位素地球化学研究面临的挑战和前沿科学问题。未来,应该在进一步完善同位素地球化学方法和理论基础上,在地球系统框架下开展同位素与地理学、生态学、分子生物学、地球系统模拟、人工智能和大数据等前沿领域交叉融合研究,完善示踪复杂地球系统多圈层、多过程、多要素耦合条件下元素生物地球化学循环的同位素分馏理论框架,突破原有应用范式,获得对圈层相互作用、人类活动与全球变化、环境与生命协同演化等领域前沿科学问题的创新认知。The Earth system comprises the geosphere,biosphere,and anthroposphere,which interconnected each other.A central focus of Earth system science lies in investigating the exchange of materials and energy within and between these spheres,as well as their dynamical mechanisms.Such exchanges are governed primarily by hydrological and biogeochemical cycles of major and trace elements,making the biogeochemical cycling of elements the link among Earth’s subsystems and a critical mechanism driving or modulating global change.Furthermore,under rapid socioeconomic development,human activities profoundly alter these biogeochemical cycles,inducing unprecedented transformations in the Earth system.Key challenges in Earth system science include precisely characterizing biogeochemical cycles,unraveling their dynamical mechanisms,predicting their future trajectories,and evaluating their ecological impacts.Isotopic techniques provide robust tools for tracing cross-sphere material fluxes and biogeochemical processes,playing an indispensable role in studying sphere interactions and global change.This paper reviews recent advances in applying traditional and non-traditional stable isotopes to track sphere interactions and global change,synthesizes typical isotopic signatures across Earth’s subsystems,delineates isotopic fractionation mechanisms at sphere interfaces,traces anthropogenic impacts on environmental-ecological systems,and identifies critical scientific challenges and frontiers in isotope geochemistry within the Earth system science framework.Future research should integrate isotopic approaches with emerging fields like geography,ecology,molecular biology,Earth system modeling,artificial intelligence,and big data analytics to refine isotope-enabled theoretical frameworks for biogeochemical cycling under multi-sphere,multi-process,and multi-element coupling.Such integrative efforts will deepen understanding of sphere interactions,human-global change linkages,and environmental-life coevolution.

关 键 词：同位素地球化学 同位素分馏机制 地球系统科学 生物地球化学循环 圈层相互作用 全球变化 

分 类 号：P597[天文地球—地球化学] X142[天文地球—地质学] P51[环境科学与工程—环境科学]