全球变化背景下天然源痕量活性有机气体研究进展与展望  

Advances and perspectives of biogenic reactive trace volatile organic compounds in the context of global change

作　　者：张艳利[1,2] 冉浩汎 曾建强 鲁钰婷 庞伟华 郭昊 王新明 ZHANG Yanli;RAN Haofan;ZENG Jianqiang;LU Yuting;PANG Weihua;GUO Hao;WANG Xinming(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Environmental Technology,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所先进环境装备与污染防治技术全国重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第3期288-310,共23页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(2023B0303000007)。

摘　　要：天然源痕量活性有机气体,也叫生物源挥发性有机化合物(BVOCs),是地球系统中重要的痕量活性有机气体,对全球碳循环、大气化学和气候调控具有重要作用。BVOCs在大气中通过与氧化剂(如羟基自由基OH、臭氧O_(3)和NO_(3)自由基)快速反应,驱动二次有机气溶胶(SOA)的生成,调节大气辐射强迫,影响区域和全球气候。同时,BVOCs通过对流层与平流层臭氧的交互作用影响大气中羟基自由基(OH)的浓度,间接参与温室气体的生命周期调控。全球BVOCs排放量估计为每年1000 Tg碳以上,主要来自森林生态系统,其中异戊二烯和单萜占主导地位。近年来,BVOCs排放的观测技术取得了显著进展,从传统的离线采样与气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析到高时间分辨率的在线技术(如质子转移反应质谱PTR-MS和飞行时间质谱PTR-ToF-MS),极大提高了BVOCs排放数据的时间分辨率与化学精度。此外,基于无人机、卫星遥感与地基通量塔的多尺度监测技术,也为区域BVOCs排放的时空动态研究提供了新工具。结合动态箱法、涡度相关法和建模模拟,研究人员逐步构建了更精确的BVOCs排放清单,为理解其与气候变化的复杂反馈机制奠定了基础。环境因子对BVOCs排放的影响研究日益深入。光照和温度是控制BVOCs排放的关键因子,光照强度变化直接影响光合作用及异戊二烯的排放,而温度升高则加速BVOCs的生物合成和挥发。二氧化碳(CO_(2))浓度的升高可能通过光合作用调节BVOCs的排放强度,同时降低气孔导度减少BVOCs的释放速率,但其长期效应可能因植物种类和适应机制的差异而有所变化。臭氧(O3)浓度升高对BVOCs的作用具有双重效应:一方面通过胁迫反应诱导BVOCs的防御性释放,另一方面可能损伤叶片并抑制排放。气溶胶浓度和BVOCs之间存在重要的正反馈机制,高BVOCs排放可促进SOA生成,而SOA形成反过来通过散射光效应影响光合�Biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs)are critical trace reactive organic gases in the Earth system,playing vital roles in global carbon cycling,atmospheric chemistry,and climate regulation.BVOCs react rapidly with atmospheric oxidants(e.g.,OH,O_(3),and NO_(3)),driving the formation of secondary organic aerosols(SOA),which modulate radiative forcing and influence regional and global climates.Furthermore,BVOCs interact with tropospheric and stratospheric ozone and alter hydroxyl radical(OH)concentrations,indirectly affecting the lifecycles of greenhouse gases.Global BVOC emissions are estimated to exceed 1000 TgC annually,with forests being the primary source and isoprene and monoterpenes dominating the emissions.Recent advancements in BVOC emission monitoring technologies have significantly improved the resolution and accuracy of emission measurements.Traditional offline sampling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)have been complemented by high-temporal-resolution online techniques such as proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry(PTR-MS)and time-of-flight mass spectrometry(PTR-ToF-MS).Additionally,multi-scale monitoring tools,including drones,satellite remote sensing,and ground-based flux towers,provide unprecedented capabilities for studying the spatial and temporal dynamics of BVOC emissions.By integrating dynamic chamber methods,eddy covariance techniques,and modeling approaches,researchers are progressively refining BVOC emission inventories,paving the way for deeper insights into the complex feedback mechanisms between BVOCs and climate change.Environmental factors regulating BVOC emissions have been extensively studied.Light and temperature are key drivers,with light intensity directly influencing photosynthesis and isoprene emissions,while rising temperatures accelerate BVOC biosynthesis and volatilization.Elevated CO_(2) concentrations may modulate BVOC emissions through photosynthetic regulation and reduced stomatal conductance,although long-term effects vary by plant species and adapti

关 键 词：天然源痕量活性有机气体(ROG) 生物源挥发性有机化合物(BVOCs) 排放测量 光照 温度 二氧化碳浓度 氮循环 气溶胶 臭氧 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境] X171[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P593[环境科学与工程—环境科学]