美印构建生物技术产业联盟问题研究  

Drivers,Approaches,and Constraints of U.S.-India Alliance in Biotechnology Industry

作　　者：晋继勇 王建文 JIN Jiyong;WANG Jianwen

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院

出　　处：《当代美国评论》2025年第1期82-104,129,共24页Contemporary American Review

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金重点项目“开展抗击新冠肺炎疫情国际合作研究”(项目编号:22AZD110)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：国家间新兴技术能力的差距已成为影响国际政治格局的显著变量。作为关键和新兴技术之一,生物技术已跃升为美国和印度针对中国展开地缘政治竞争与产业角逐的重要领域。美印通过实施产业联盟战略,以求在生物技术领域各取所需。美印构建生物技术产业联盟的动因可归结为满足双方各自地缘政治博弈的战略需求、生物经济竞争的利益驱动以及实现两国产业优势互补三方面。双方以“美印关键和新兴技术倡议”为核心运作平台,利用“四方安全对话”机制、Bio-5“生物制药供应链联盟”及Bio-X生物合作计划等多层次合作框架,通过创设行业壁垒、强化技术合作和整合供应链,构建了多维合作路径。美国试图通过生物技术产业联盟在生物技术领域对中国进行打压,进而服务于“竞赢”中国的总体战略目标;印度则力图通过与美结盟增强自身生物技术产业实力,在全球生物产业供应链方面取代中国。不过,美印对中国的高度依赖、两国不同的战略侧重和利益偏差制约了其生物技术产业联盟的发展。The widening gap in emerging technological capabilities between nations has become a significant variable reshaping the international political landscape.As one of the critical and emerging technologies,biotechnology has evolved into a prominent arena for U.S.-India geopolitical and industrial competition with China.Through the implementation of an industry alliance strategy,the U.S.and India aim to serve their respective interests in the biotechnology industry.The formation of the U.S.-India biotechnology industry alliance is driven by three main factors:their shared strategic objectives in geopolitical competition,the interests derived from the competition in bioeconomy,and the pursuit of complementary advantages in their bioindustry.Building on the U.S.-India Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies(iCET),the two countries have developed a multilayered cooperation framework,leveraging platforms such as the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue,the Biopharma Coalition(Bio-5),and the Bio-X biotechnology cooperation initiative.Through these platforms,they aim to build a multi-dimensional cooperation framework by establishing industry-specific barriers,strengthening technological collabora tion,and integrating their supply chains.While the U.S.seeks to leverage strategic partnerships to constrain China's biotech rise as part of its strategic ambition to“outcompete”China,India aims to enhance its own biote chnology capabilities and replace China in the global biotechnology supply chain.However,deep structural dependencies on China,divergent strategic priorities,and conflicting interests between the U.S.and India present significant limitations to the development of their alliance in the biotechnology industry.

关 键 词：美印联盟 生物安全 供应链 生物技术产业 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]