制造业数字化、内外贸一体化与出口技术复杂度  

Digitalization,Integration of Domestic and Foreign Trade,and Export Technological Complexity

作　　者：许欢 赵伟康 Xu Huan;Zhao Weikang(School of Economics,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;School Of Economics and Management,Shandong Youth University of Political Science,Jinan 250014,China;School of Economics and Management,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学经济学院,济南250100 [2]山东青年政治学院经济管理学院,济南250014 [3]山东农业大学经济管理学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《工业技术经济》2025年第4期110-119,共10页Journal of Industrial Technology and Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“数字赋能‘专精特新’企业高质量创新:政策评估、机制检验与路径优化”(项目编号:23C10453011)。

摘　　要：加快推进制造业数字化已成为实现制造业企业转型升级的重要途径。本文基于上市公司2012~2022年数据,借助爬虫技术进行文本分析,整理“数字化”关键词刻画企业数字化水平,实证检验制造业企业数字化对出口技术复杂度的影响。结果表明:(1)制造业数字化投入的增加显著提高了上市公司的出口技术水平,在经过一系列稳健性检验和内生性问题处理以后,本文的基准结论依然成立;(2)制造业数字化对出口技术复杂度的影响有异质性特征,不同生命周期阶段的企业、技术密集度不同和所有权性质不同的企业有不同的效应;(3)作用机制检验表明,工业机器人的使用,交易成本的降低,效率工资的提升是制造业数字化影响企业出口技术的重要作用渠道;(4)进一步研究发现,内外贸一体化水平的提高强化了数字化对企业出口技术的正向作用。Accelerating the digitalization of manufacturing has become an important way to achieve the transformation and up⁃grading of manufacturing enterprises.Based on the data of listed companies from 2012 to 2022,this paper uses crawler technology to conduct text analysis,organizes the key words of“digitalization”to describe the digitalization level of enterprises,and empiri⁃cally tests the impact of digitalization of manufacturing enterprises on the export technology complexity.The results show that:(1)the increase in digitalization investment in manufacturing has significantly improved the export technology level of listed companies.After a series of robustness tests and endogenous problem treatment,the baseline conclusion of this paper still holds.(2)The im⁃pact of digitalization of manufacturing on export technology complexity has heterogeneous characteristics,and enterprises at different life cycle stages,with different technology intensity and different ownership nature have different effects.(3)The mechanism test shows that the use of industrial robots,the reduction of transaction costs,and the increase of efficiency wages are important chan⁃nels for the digitalization of manufacturing to affect the export technology level of enterprises.(4)Further research finds that the improvement of the level of domestic and foreign trade integration has strengthened the positive effect of digitalization on the export technology level of enterprises.

关 键 词：企业数字化 文本分析 出口技术复杂度 内外贸一体化 制造业 工业机器人 交易成本 效率工资 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F746