渝东北地区常见果蔬中6种农药残留量分析与安全性评价  

Analysis and safety evaluation of six pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in northeast Chongqing

作　　者：吴秋杰 张雨婷 和欣 黄婉怡 王兆丹 WU Qiujie;ZHANG Yuting;HE Xin;HUANG Wanyi;WANG Zhaodan(College of Biology and Food Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404100,China;Agricultural Service Center in Fenshui Zhen,Chongqing 404045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院生物与食品工程学院,重庆404100 [2]重庆市万州区分水镇农业服务中心,重庆404045

出　　处：《食品与机械》2025年第2期72-84,共13页Food and Machinery

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(编号:cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0090);重庆市智慧生态旅游学科群开放基金资助项目(编号:zhlv20221013)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解渝东北地区果蔬中6种农药的残留现状及其对当地居民存在的健康风险。[方法]利用气相色谱仪并结合食品安全指数分析法(index of food safety,IFS)对6种农药进行检测和安全性评价。[结果]6种农药中狄氏剂未被检出,其余5种农药均被检出。5种农药在7类果蔬中平均残留量分别为腐霉利0.265 mg/kg、联苯菊酯0.037 mg/kg、高效氯氟氰菊酯0.073 mg/kg、氯氰菊酯0.060 mg/kg和溴氰菊酯0.025 mg/kg。其中高效氯氟氰菊酯在所有样品中检出率最高(25.34%),其次是腐霉利(18.46%),溴氰菊酯检出率最低(5.52%);高效氯氟氰菊酯超标率最高(1.00%),其次是腐霉利(0.90%),超标率最低的是溴氰菊酯(0.09%)。安全性评价研究显示,5种检出农药的单种农药平均安全指数和多种农药平均安全指数均小于1。[结论]渝东北市售果蔬样品对人体无显著风险。[Objective]To understand the residue status of six pesticides in fruits and vegetables in northeast Chongqing and the associated health risks to local residents.[Methods]Six pesticides were detected and evaluated for safety using gas chromatography combined with the index of food safety(IFS).[Results]Among the six pesticides,dieldrin was not detected,while the remaining five pesticides were detected.The average residual concentrations of the five pesticides in seven types of fruits and vegetables were as follows:procymidon 0.265 mg/kg,biphenthrin 0.037 mg/kg,beta-cyfluthrin 0.073 mg/kg,cypermethrin 0.060 mg/kg,and deltamethrin 0.025 mg/kg.Among all the samples,beta-cyfluthrin had the highest detection rate(25.34%),followed by procymidon(18.46%),with deltamethrin having the lowest detection rate(5.52%).The exceedance rate was highest for beta-cyfluthrin(1.00%),followed by procymidon(0.90%),while deltamethrin had the lowest exceedance rate(0.09%).The safety evaluation showed that both the single-pesticide average IFS and multiple-pesticide average IFS for the five detected pesticides were all less than 1.[Conclusion]The fruit and vegetable samples sold in northeast Chongqing do not pose significant health risks to humans.

关 键 词：食品安全 气相色谱 果蔬 农药残留 安全性评价 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]