酿酒黄水的水质检测分析及资源化利用研究  

Water Quality Testing and Resource Utilization of Pit Bottom Water of Baijiu

作　　者：鞠春兰 魏金萍 高志渊 罗珠 孙铜 叶华夏 郑兴文 JU Chunlan;WEI Jinping;GAO Zhiyuan;LUO Zhu;SUN Tong;YE Huaxia;ZHENG Xingwen(School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Sichuan University of Science and Engineering,Zigong,Sichuan 643000;Wuliangye Co.Ltd.,Yibin,Sichuan 644007,China)

机构地区：[1]四川轻化工大学化学与环境工程学院,四川自贡643000 [2]五粮液股份有限公司,四川宜宾644007

出　　处：《酿酒科技》2025年第3期130-134,共5页Liquor-Making Science & Technology

基　　金：五粮液集团公司产学研合作项目(CXY2021ZR003);四川轻化工大学研究生创新基金项目(Y2023066、Y2023063);泸州老窖研究生创新基金项目(LJCX2023-10)。

摘　　要：酿酒黄水是白酒固态发酵过程中从酒醅中渗滤到窖池底部的棕黄色黏稠浆水,因其有机物含量高、色度深、处理难度大而受到环保高度重视。本研究对五粮液酿酒黄水进行系统的检测分析,结合当前处理工艺技术,以期为妥善处置黄水找到切实可行的途径。经检测,黄水的pH在3.35~4.12,COD_(cr)含量为2.4×10^(5)~7.5×10^(5)mg/L,BOD含量为3.4×10^(4)~4.6×10^(5)mg/L,总磷1400~1800 mg/L,总氮10000~25000 mg/L,氨氮190~390 mg/L,总碳及总有机碳含量均在80000~150000 mg/L之间,悬浮物在1200~3400 mg/L,重金属离子含量在ppb级,远低于生活饮用水水质常规标准。表明黄水中主要污染因子为有机物、总氮、总磷以及悬浮物,其中碳、氮、磷比值远超过生物营养所需。对现有处理工艺技术进行对比,发展黄水资源化利用已成为解决酿酒企业环保问题的重要方向。The pit bottom water is a kind of brownish-yellow viscous fluid that concentrates at the bottom of the pit during the solid-state fermentation of Baijiu.It has the characteristics of high organic matter content,deep color and difficult to treat.In this study,the pit bottom water in Wuliangye Distillery is systematically analyzed,so as to find a feasible way for the proper disposal of the pit bottom water.Test results show that the indexes of the pit bottom water:pH 3.35 to 4.12,COD_(cr) 2.4×10^(5) mg/L to 7.5×10^(5) mg/L,BOD 3.4×10^(4) mg/L to 4.6×10^(5) mg/L,TP 1400 mg/L to 1800 mg/L,TN 10000 mg/L to 25000 mg/L,NH3-N 190 mg/L to 390 mg/L.The TC and TOC of the pit bottom water are between 80,000 mg/L and 150,000 mg/L,the suspended solids are between 1200 mg/L to 3400 mg/L,and the content of heavy metal ions is at ppb level.This indicates that the main pollution factors in the pit bottom water are organic matter,TN,TP and suspended solids.The existing treatment techniques of the pit bottom water are compared.The resource utilization of the pit bottom water has become an important direction for solving the environmental problems of Baijiu distilleries.

关 键 词：酿酒黄水 氮磷回收 五粮液 资源化利用 

分 类 号：TS262.3[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程] TS261.9[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]