微塑料添加对简化土壤食物网中蚯蚓抗氧化系统及土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Microplastic Addition on Antioxidant System in Earthworms and Soil Physicochemical Properties in a Simplified Soil Food Web

作　　者：谷林珠 蒋梦珂 马嘉昱 武程程 邬丹 贾宏涛[1,2] 孙霞 GU Lin-zhu;JIANG Meng-ke;MA Jia-yu;WU Cheng-cheng;WU Dan;JIA Hong-tao;SUN Xia(College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2024年第2期128-135,共8页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项(2022B02017)。

摘　　要：为探究简化土壤食物网微塑料胁迫下,蚯蚓的生长和抗氧化系统,以间接评估土壤环境健康状态和微塑料污染的影响程度。本研究以灰漠土为供试土壤,以赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)为指示生物,通过28 d的培养试验,外源添加浓度为3%(w/w),粒径为2μm的聚乙烯微塑料,为简化土壤食物网,设置土壤灭菌处理。共设置8组处理:空白处理组、微塑料组、土壤灭菌组、灭菌+微塑料组、蚯蚓组、微塑料+蚯蚓组、灭菌+蚯蚓组、灭菌+微塑料+蚯蚓组。监测了第3天、第7天、第14天蚯蚓的体重损失率、酶活性以及第28天时土壤理化性质。试验结果显示,土壤灭菌处理蚯蚓体内的过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与空白处理比较增加明显(P<0.05)。在微塑料胁迫第14天时,灭菌+微塑料组蚯蚓体内丙二醛(MDA)达到19.78 nmol/g,为空白处理的1.55倍(P<0.05)。灭菌+微塑料+蚯蚓组的有机质与空白处理相比显著增加(P<0.05)。蚯蚓对聚乙烯微塑料添加在氧化应激反应上存在负面响应,具体表现为灭菌+微塑料+蚯蚓组的CAT、SOD和MDA活性显著高于微塑料+蚯蚓组(P<0.05);微塑料+蚯蚓组的土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和速效磷含量与空白处理相比显著增加(P<0.05)。在简化土壤食物网之后,灭菌+微塑料+蚯蚓组的氧化应激反应较蚯蚓组进一步加剧;土壤全氮、碱解氮和速效磷较微塑料+蚯蚓组有所增加,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。To investigate the growth and antioxidant system stress response of earthworms under microplastic stress in a simplified soil food web,and to indirectly assess the health status of soil environments and the extent of microplastic pollution.During the process of study,the grey desert soil was used as the test soil and the Eisenia fetida as the indicator organism and a 28-day cultivation experiment was conducted with the exogenous addition of 3%(w/w)polyethylene microplastics with a particle size of 2μm to simplify the soil food web,soil sterilization treatment was applied.Meanwhile,a total of 8 treatment groups were set up:a control group,a microplastic group,a soil sterilization group,a sterilization+microplastic group,an earthworm group,a microplastic+earthworm group,a sterilization+earthworm group,and a sterilization+microplastic+earthworm group,and the weight loss rate and enzyme activity of earthworms were monitored on the 3 rd day,7 th day,and 14 th day,and soil physicochemical properties were assessed on the 28 th day.The experimental results showed that the catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels in earthworms from the soil sterilization treatment increased significantly compared to the control group(P<0.05).On the 14 th day of microplastic stress,the malondialdehyde(MDA)level in earthworms from the sterilization+microplastic group reached 19.78 nmol/g,which was 1.55 times that of the control group(P<0.05).The organic matter content in the sterilization+microplastic+earthworm group increased significantly compared to the control group(P<0.05).Earthworms exhibited a negative response to the addition of polyethylene microplastics in terms of oxidative stress,specifically with the CAT,SOD,and MDA activities in the sterilization+microplastic+earthworm group being significantly higher than those in the microplastic+earthworm group(P<0.05).The soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and available phosphorus contents in the microplastic+earthworm group increased significantly compared to the

关 键 词：蚯蚓 聚乙烯微塑料 抗氧化系统 土壤灭菌 土壤动物 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]