湖南地区不同生育期禾本科植物营养品质分析  

Analysis of Nutritional Quality of Poaceae Plants at Different Growth Stages in Hunan Province

作　　者：何鹏亮 揭红东 朱宁静 Adnan Rasheed 赵龙 肖黄巧 邢虎成[1,2] 揭雨成 HE Pengliang;JIE Hongdong;ZHU Ningjing;Adnan Rasheed;ZHAO Long;XIAO Huangqiao;XING Hucheng;JIE Yucheng(Institute of Ramie,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Provincial Research Center of Engineering Technology for Grass Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学苎麻研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省草类作物种质创新与利用工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2025年第3期54-64,共11页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：湖南草地牧草资源调查(2017FY100604-02);湖南省草食动物产业技术体系牧草种植与秸秆加工利用岗位专家专项(2019-2024);国家饲草与饲纤兼用作物资源分库(NCGRC-2020-48);华中地区主要经济作物气象灾害防控技术研发与产品创制(2019YFD1002205-3)。

摘　　要：为了探究湖南地区禾本科植物的营养品质,并筛选优质的禾本科植物,在湖南地区采集了不同禾本科植物种质(营养期17份,开花期25份,成熟期19份),测定了植物干物质、无氮浸出物、粗灰分、粗纤维、粗脂肪、粗蛋白等营养成分含量,并运用灰色关联度法进行了综合评价。结果表明:营养期17份种质的干物质含量为23.02%~83.33%,粗蛋白含量为4.55%~11.37%,粗脂肪含量为1.09%~3.88%,粗纤维含量为28.63%~44.05%,粗灰分含量为5.00%~12.03%,无氮浸出物含量为34.47%~48.70%。开花期25份种质的干物质含量为13.59%~46.58%,粗蛋白含量为3.85%~15.65%,粗脂肪含量为1.01%~3.89%,粗纤维含量为25.69%~49.42%,粗灰分含量为5.59%~45.36%,无氮浸出物含量为12.87%~52.06%。成熟期19份种质的干物质含量为23.97%~84.26%,粗蛋白含量为4.96%~29.14%,粗脂肪含量为1.45%~4.86%,粗纤维含量为22.80%~41.98%,粗灰分含量为7.26%~15.34%,无氮浸出物含量为30.89%~59.26%。综合评价结果显示,在营养期,莠竹、芒、皱叶狗尾草表现较优,营养品质较好;在开花期,鼠尾粟、宽叶雀稗、竹叶茅表现较优,营养品质较好;在成熟期,雀麦、溪边野古草表现较优,营养品质较好。In order to explore the nutritional quality of Poaceae plants in Hunan and select high-quality Poaceae plants,different Poaceae plant germplasm(17 in vegetative period,25 in flowering period,19 in maturation period)were collected in Hunan.Dry matter,nitrogen-free extract,Ash,crude fiber,ether extract,and crude protein content were determined,and a comprehensive evaluation was analyzed according to Grey Correlation Degree.The results showed that during the vegetative period,the 17 germplasm contained 23.02%-83.33%dry matter,4.55%-11.37%crude protein,1.09%-3.88%ether extract,28.63%-44.05%crude fiber,5.00%-12.03%Ash,and 34.47%-48.70%nitrogen-free extract.25 germplasm during the flowering period contained 13.59%-46.58%dry matter,3.85%-15.65%crude protein,1.01%-3.89%ether extract,25.69%-49.42%crude fiber,5.59%-45.36%Ash,and 12.87%-52.06%nitrogen-free extract.23.97%-84.26%dry matter,4.96%-29.14%crude protein,1.45%-4.86%ether extract,22.80%-41.98%crude fiber,7.26%-15.34%Ash,and 30.89%-59.26%nitrogen-free extract were determined in 19 germplasm during the maturation period.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that during the vegetative period,Microstegium vimineum,Miscanthus sinensis,and Setaria plicata performed better with higher nutritional quality;during the flowering period,Spo⁃robolus fertilis,Paspalum wettsteinii,and Microstegium nudum exhibited superior performance and better nutritional quality;at maturation,Bromus japonicus and Arundinella fluviatilis performed better with higher nutritional quality..

关 键 词：禾本科 种质资源 营养品质 灰色关联度法 营养成分 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]