非常态才是常态?公安任务型组织的发生、运作与演变逻辑  

Being Abnormal is Normal?The Occurrence,Operation and Evolutionary Logic of Task-oriented Organizations in Public Security Bureau

作　　者：杨黎婧 闫铭轩 Yang Lijing;Yan Mingxuan

机构地区：[1]南京大学,南京210023

出　　处：《上海行政学院学报》2025年第2期63-73,共11页The Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute

基　　金：国家社会科学基金哲学社会科学领军人才项目“新时代社会治理的制度建设和数字建设融合路径研究”(23VRC024);国家自然科学基金项目“公共治理‘棘手问题’应对策略的选择及其动机:基于公务员价值偏好和情境认知的实证研究”(72004090)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：任务型组织是官僚机构应对非常态问题的一种弹性工具。随着社会治理环境不确定性程度的提高,治理任务趋于复杂化是政府部门普遍面临的挑战。不同于其他职能部门,对于公安部门而言,临时性任务、突发性任务的出现反而是一种常态现象,其恰是借助任务型组织实现了组织的再弹性化,保证了非常态任务与中心任务动态平衡的“任务韧性”。从理论上看,公安任务型组织是对官僚制弹性的呼应;从组织机制上看,公安任务型组织是对科层组织模式的有益补充;从运作过程上看,对组织成员及其单位的激励和责任控制为任务完成提供了独特的行动优势。研究数据来源于在基层公安机关进行参与式观察积累的田野资料和质性访谈数据,以组织生命周期为视角阐释了公安任务型组织的成立动因、运作机制和演化走向,为科层组织创新提供了经验数据,推进了任务型组织领域的知识增进。Informal organization is a flexible tool for bureaucracies to address abnormal problems.Different from other government departments,the emergence of temporary or urgent tasks in the public security sector is rather a common phenomenon.With increasing uncertainty and complexity of governance tasks,the public security department has achieved organizational re-flexibility through task-oriented organizations.Theoretically,the public security task-oriented organization echoes the flexibility of bureaucracy;from the perspective of organizational mechanism,it is a beneficial supplement to the hierarchical organizational model,and can coordinate police forces across regions and departments to deal with unconventional tasks;from the perspective of the operation process,goal incentives and responsibility control provide a unique operational advantage for the completion of public security tasks.Based on fieldwork in local public security sectors,this article systematically discusses the occurrence and operation logic of public security task.It provides rich practical experience and theoretical contribution to efficient operation of bureaucratic institutions.

关 键 词：任务型组织 公安部门 科层组织 非常态任务 组织演化 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]