食品交换份平衡膳食跟踪指导在超重肥胖学龄前儿童体重管理中的应用效果  

Application effect of food exchange portion balanced diet tracking guidance in weight management of overweight and obese preschool children

作　　者：程真华 赵晨 吴根秀 CHENG Zhenhua;ZHAO Chen;WU Genxiu(Department of Child Health Care,Yingtan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Jiangxi Province,Yingtan 335000,China;Department of Neonatology,Yingtan People's Hospital,Jiangxi Province,Yingtan 335000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省鹰潭市妇幼保健院儿童保健科,江西鹰潭335000 [2]江西省鹰潭市人民医院新生儿科,江西鹰潭335000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2025年第7期92-96,共5页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：江西省级引导市县发展专项资金项目(2021SYD 004)。

摘　　要：目的探讨食品交换份平衡膳食跟踪指导在超重肥胖学龄前儿童体重管理中的应用效果。方法选取2023年2月至4月江西省鹰潭市妇幼保健院儿童保健科收治的80例超重肥胖学龄前儿童为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组各40例,对照组给予常规院后营养教育,观察组给予食品交换份平衡膳食跟踪指导,比较两组的膳食结构比例达标情况、营养指标水平、体重变化情况与身体成分。结果干预后,观察组的各项膳食结构达标比例均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组的总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(Hb)水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组的体重指数、体脂百分比均低于对照组,蛋白质、骨骼肌水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对超重肥胖学龄前儿童,食品交换份平衡膳食跟踪指导可改善膳食结构与营养状态,优化其体重管理,有效改善体重指数与身体成分,具有一定的应用价值。Objective To explore the application effect of food exchange portion balanced diet tracking guidance in weight management of overweight and obese preschool children.Methods A total of 80 overweight and obese preschool children admitted to the Department of Child Health Care,Yingtan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Jiangxi Province from February to April 2023 were selected as the research objects.According to the random number table method,they were divided into control group and observation group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was given routine post-hospital nutrition education,while the observation group was given food exchange portion balanced diet tracking guidance.The proportion of dietary structure,nutritional index level,weight change and body composition were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the compliance rates of each of dietary structure in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of total protein(TP),albumin(ALB)and hemoglobin(Hb)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the body mass index and body fat percentage of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the protein and skeletal muscle levels were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion For overweight and obese preschool children,food exchange portion balanced diet tracking guidance can improve dietary structure and nutritional status,optimize weight management,and effectively improve body mass index and body composition,which has certain application value.

关 键 词：超重 肥胖 学龄前 食品交换份 平衡膳食 跟踪指导 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]