新时代南北疆农牧区群众国家通用语言能力差异调查与提升路径研究  

A Study on the Differences in the Ability of the National Common Language among the People in the Agricultural and Pastoral Areas of Northern and Southern Xinjiang in the New Era and the Promotion Paths

作　　者：孙明霞 廖新华 SUN Mingxia;LIAO Xinhua(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830017,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学中国语言文学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《民族高等教育研究》2025年第2期24-30,共7页Journal of Research on Minzu Higher Education

基　　金：2023年度新疆师范大学智库平台项目“南北疆农牧区基层干部国家通用语言普及现状与对策研究”(项目编号:ZK202310C);2024年度新疆党建研究会高校党建研究项目“南疆五地州加强国家通用语言文字教育和普及使用有效路径研究”(项目编号:GXDJ2024011)。

摘　　要：坚持长期学习使用国家通用语言是每个公民的义务和责任。中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会以来,新疆南北疆各族群众在新时代推进乡村振兴的道路上积极投入国家通用语言的学习中。对南疆和田地区、北疆阿勒泰地区和塔城地区的农牧民群体的国家通用语言水平进行调查,结果表明,北疆农牧民的语言能力明显高于南疆,在产业园区就业的群众的语言能力高于农牧区村点的群众,男性的语言能力高于女性,年龄的增长与语言能力成反比关系。在深入探究影响其语言能力因素的基础上,提出提升农牧民群体国家通用语言能力的优化路径:引导女性群体树立语言学习新理念,开辟家庭成员共同致富新途径;完善教学资源,配备专业师资为农牧民群体提供教学服务;发挥语言辐射作用,创建社会与家庭共同学习国家通用语言的新气象;加强国家通用语言学习与传承中华优秀传统文化的融合。It is the duty and responsibility of every citizen to persist in learning and using the national common language for a long time.Since the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the people of all ethnic groups in northern and south⁃ern Xinjiang have actively engaged in learning of the national common language on the road to promoting rural revitalization in the new era.A survey was conducted on the ability of the national common language among farmers and herdsmen in the Hotan area of southern Xinjiang and the Aletai and Tacheng areas of northern Xinjiang.The results show that the language ability of farmers and herdsmen in northern Xinjiang is significantly higher than that in southern Xinjiang,and People employed in industrial parks have higher language ability than those in agricultural and pastoral areas,and men have higher language ability than women.Age growth is inversely proportional to language ability.On the basis of in-depth exploration of factors affecting their language ability,an opti⁃mized path for enhancing the national common language ability of farmers and herdsmen is proposed.The first is to guide women to establish new concepts of language learning and open up new ways for family members to become prosperous together.The second is to improve teaching resources and assign professional teachers to provide teaching services for farmers and herdsmen.The third is to give full play to the radiation effect of language and create a new atmosphere for society and families to learn the national com⁃mon language together.The fourth is to strengthen the integration of learning the national common language and inheriting excellent traditional Chinese culture.

关 键 词：国家通用语言 语言环境 语言能力 

分 类 号：H102[语言文字—汉语]