基于人类拓居模式的土地资源承载力评价方法及实证应用  

An evaluation method and its application on land resource carrying capacity based on human exploitation and settlement patterns

作　　者：徐小任 张小芳 徐勇[3] 王梁[1] 段健 XU Xiaoren;ZHANG Xiaofang;XU Yong;WANG Liang;DUAN Jian(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection,College of Resources and Environment,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China;College of History and Culture,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室,临沂大学资源环境学院,临沂276000 [2]临沂大学历史文化学院,临沂276000 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [4]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,金华321004

出　　处：《资源科学》2025年第2期344-358,共15页Resources Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(24YJCZH362;24YJA630088)。

摘　　要：【目的】系统提出基于人类拓居模式的土地资源承载力评价方法,以期为中国国土空间规划中各类单要素及综合承载力评价技术标准体系的完善提供借鉴参考。【方法】本文通过提出人类拓居模式及生产单体、生产性建设用地参数、就业密度参数等概念与指标,建立人类生产活动与土地资源的微观量化连接关系,搭建土地资源承载力联动方程,首次构建人类拓居模式视角下的土地资源承载力评价方法,并以山西省介休市为例开展实证研究。【结果】(1)本评价方法将人类拓居模式划分为乡村、镇区、城区、产业园区、旅游景区5种类型,细化和补充了“双评价”的3类空间划分结构;该方法以生产单体为切入点,通过综合考虑土地资源、产业、人口之间的内在结构性关系,建立土地资源、劳动就业、人口承载力联动方程,进一步丰富了土地资源承载力的多要素综合集成、分类评价学术思路和方法体系。(2)介休市适度就业人口238118人,乡村、城区拓居模式是吸纳就业的主力军。介休市土地资源承载力为426652人,处于人地平衡状态;其中乡村、镇区拓居模式处于超载状态,城区和产业园区拓居模式分别处于平衡、盈余状态。产业园区拓居模式尚有较大承载潜力,与土地低效利用和产业集约高效发展水平较低有关。通过乡村旅游、民宿、餐饮等非农特色产业发展,乡村拓居模式未来仍是产业集聚和人口分布的重要载体。【结论】基于人类拓居模式的土地资源承载力评价方法是科学可行的,能有效反映不同功能空间土地利用结构、劳动就业、人口承载力差异,评价结果可为国土空间规划中土地资源人口承载力评价提供有益补充。[Objective]This study aimed to propose an systematic evaluation method of land resource carrying capacity based on human exploitation and settlement patterns,to provide a reference for the improvement of the evaluation technical standard system of various individual factors and comprehensive carrying capacity in China’s territorial spatial planning.[Methods]By putting forward the new concepts and indicators of the human exploitation and settlement patterns,production monomer,productive construction land parameter and employment density parameter,this study revealed the micro-quantitative connection relationship between human production activities and land resources.It then constructed the linkage equation of land resource carrying capacity.Therefore,this study proposed the evaluation method of land resource carrying capacity based on human exploitation and settlement patterns for the first time,and carried out an empirical study with Jiexiu City in Shanxi Province as an example.[Results](1)The evaluation method proposed in this study divided human exploitation and settlement patterns into five types,including rural,town,urban,industrial park and scenic spot patterns.It refined and supplemented the division of three-type space of the double evaluation.This method took production monomer as the starting point,comprehensively considered the internal structural relationship among land resources,industry and population,established linkage equation,and further enriched the thinking and method system of multi-factor comprehensive integration and classification evaluation of land resource carrying capacity.(2)A total of 238118 people could be reasonably employed in Jiexiu City.The rural and urban patterns were the main force to absorb employment.The land resource carrying capacity was 426652 people in Jiexiu City,which was in the state of human-land balance.The rural and town exploitation and settlement patterns were in the state of overload,and the urban and industrial park patterns were in the state of balance and su

关 键 词：人类拓居模式 土地资源承载力 联动方程 生产性建设用地 就业密度 生产单体 介休市 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]