食管裂孔疝发生的危险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors for esophageal hiatal hernia

作　　者：张红鹤 杜亚君[1] 严华艳 胡艳萍[1] 杨春旭 王倩[1] Zhang Honghe;Du Yajun;Yan Huayan;Hu Yanping;Yang Chunxu;Wang Qian(Digestive Department,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院消化科,100043

出　　处：《中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版)》2025年第1期92-95,共4页Chinese Journal of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(首发2024-2-2038)。

摘　　要：目的分析食管裂孔疝发生的危险因素。方法抽取2021 年1 月至2023 年12 月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院行胃镜检查的患者200 例,其中内镜下诊断食管裂孔疝患者100 例纳入试验组,内镜下无食管裂孔疝患者100 例纳入对照组。采用问卷调查表分析比较2 组患者一般情况、生活方式、职业情况等,采用单因素及多因素Logistic 回归分析探讨食管裂孔疝的危险因素。结果单因素分析结果显示,试验组患者中男性占比、年龄段、肥胖者占比、吸烟者占比、饮酒者占比、便秘者占比、餐后运动者占比、高脂肪饮食者占比、进食过快者占比、进食过饱者占比、喜食辛辣食物者占比、长期久坐者占比、抑郁者占比均高于对照组(P<0.05);多变量Logistic 回归分析结果显示,高龄、肥胖以及喜欢食用辛辣食物是导致食管裂孔疝的高位危险因素(OR=16.498、12.891、3.718;均P<0.001)。结论高龄、肥胖以及喜欢食用辛辣食物是导致食管裂孔疝的高位危险因素,针对高危人群应督促其养成良好的生活及饮食习惯,有助于预防此病的发生,控制病情的进展。ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of esophageal hiatal hernia.MethodsA total of 200 patients who underwent gastroscopy in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected.Among them, 100 patients diagnosed with esophageal hiatal hernia under endoscopy were selected as the case group, and 100 patients without esophageal hiatal hernia under endoscopy were selected as the control group.Questionnaire was used to analyze the general situation, lifestyle, and occupational status of two groups of patients.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors for esophageal hiatal hernia.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that the proportion of males, age, obese individuals, smokers,drinkers, constipated individuals, postprandial exercise participants, high-fat diet participants, eating too fast, overeating, spicy eating habits, sitting for long time, and depression in the case group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age,obesity, and a preference for spicy food were high risk factors for esophageal hiatal hernia (OR=16.498,12.891,3.718,all P<0.001).ConclusionAdvanced age, obesity, and a preference for spicy food are high risk factors for esophageal hiatal hernia.For high-risk individuals, it is important to encourage them to develop good lifestyle and dietary habits, which can help prevent the occurrence of hiatal hernia and control its progression.

关 键 词：疝 食管裂孔 危险因素 LOGISTIC 回归分析法 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]