青少年饮食行为现状及其对超重肥胖的预测作用  

Current status of eating behaviors and its predictive role in overweight and obese of adolescents

作　　者：姚依松 唐诗惟 宋佳妮 冯静婧 何景波 张子怡 孙鸣均 成云霞 雍那[1] YAO Yisong;TANG Shiwei;SONG Jiani;FENG Jingjing;HE Jingbo;ZHANG Ziyi;SUN Mingjun;CHENG Yunxia;YONG Na(Mental Health Center,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong(637000),Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院心理卫生中心,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2025年第1期53-57,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：南充市社会科学研究“十三五”规划项目(NC2016B133);2022年南充市社会科学研究“十四五”规划项目(NC22B294)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨青少年饮食行为现状及影响因素,为开展青少年健康教育提供理论依据。方法 基于“2021年中国家庭健康指数调查”数据库,采用一般人口资料调查表、患者健康量表(PHQ-9)、家庭健康量表简版(FHS-SF)、大五人格量表简表(BFI-10)、媒介接触量表(C-ME)、坂田饮食行为量表简版(EBS-SF)对采用随机数字表法从中国22个省和5个自治区的省会及4个直辖市中抽取的1 065名青少年进行调查。采用多元逐步线性回归分析探讨青少年饮食行为的相关因素,采用受试者工作曲线分析验证EBS-SF得分对青少年超重和肥胖的预测能力。结果 青少年BFI-10、C-ME、FHS-SF、PHQ-9、EBS-SF总分分别为(33.08±4.64)(19.20±4.55)(38.48±6.65)(6.09±5.63)(16.75±4.36)分。多元线性回归分析显示,家庭类型(其他形式)、宜人性人格、严谨性人格、家庭健康、抑郁均是青少年EBS-SF得分的相关因素(B值分别为2.61,-0.42,0.20,-0.11,0.23,P值均<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线分析表明,EBS-SF得分能够较好地预测男性青少年肥胖(AUC=0.73,P<0.01)。结论 家庭类型、大五人格、家庭健康、抑郁均是青少年饮食行为的相关因素;EBS-SF得分对青少年肥胖具有预测作用,可为干预青少年健康饮食提供新的视角。Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of eating behaviors in adolescents,so as to provide a theoretical foundation for health promotion education among adolescents.Methods Based on the database from Survey of Chinese Family Health Index(2021),by a random number table method,1065 teenagers were selected from the provincial capitals of 22 provinces and 5 autonomous regions in China,as well as 4 municipalities directly under the central government.A general characteristic questionnaire,Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Short Form of the Family Health Scale(FHS-SF),10-item Short Version of the Big Five Personality(BFP-10),Content-based Media Exposure Scale(CM-E)and Sakata Eating Behavior Scale Short Form(EBS-SF)were used to collect information.Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis was employed to identify and analyze related factors of eating behaviors among adolescents.Receiver operating characteristic was used to validate the predictive ability of the EBS-SF score for overweight and obesity among adolescents.Results The average scores of BFI-10,C-ME,FHS-SF,PHQ-9 and EBS-SF were(33.08±4.64)(19.20±4.55)(38.48±6.65)(6.09±5.63)(16.75±4.36),respectively.Multivariate linear regression showed that family type(other types),agreeableness,conscientiousness,family health and depression were the main related factors of EBS-SF scores among adolescents(B=2.61,-0.42,0.20,-0.11,0.23,p<0.05).The analysis of receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the EBS-SF scores had a good ability in predicting obesity among male adolescents(AUC=0.73,p<0.01).Conclusions Family type,big five personality,family health,depression are the related factors of eating behaviors among adolescents.EBS-SF scores are predictive of obesity in adolescents,which would provide a new perspective for promoting healthy eating habits among adolescents.

关 键 词：饮食习惯 超重 肥胖症 回归分析 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R155.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R723.14