贵州中学生非自杀性自伤相关因素的网络分析  

Network analysis of factors related to non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students in Guizhou Province

作　　者：赵文欣 田萌 陈思远 吴瑾怡 高瑛 邓茜雯 张宛筑 ZHAO Wenxin;TIAN Meng;CHEN Siyuan;WU Jinyi;GAO Ying;DENG Xiwen;ZHANG Wanzhu(Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control,Ministry of Education,Guiyang(561113),Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院/环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵阳561113 [2]贵州医科大学医学人文学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2025年第1期92-95,101,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2023年度贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究项目(23GZGXRWJD1931);2024年度贵州省哲学社会科学规划年度课题(24GZYB98)。

摘　　要：目的 探索贵州省中学生非自杀性自伤行为(NSSI)相关因素之间的关系,为预防青少年高风险行为提供依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2023年4—10月选取贵州省遵义市、黔南州、铜仁市1 034名初、高中学生为调查对象,采用青少年自我伤害行为问卷、家庭功能评定量表等进行问卷调查,使用R 4.4.1软件进行网络分析可视化、中心性指标及结果稳定性评估。结果 贵州省中学生NSSI行为的检出率为29.6%,男生检出率为25.5%,女生检出率为33.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.07,P<0.05)。有无NSSI中学生的情感交流、自我主义、家庭规则、积极沟通、问题解决、表达积极情绪和管理消极情绪自我效能感、欺凌受害各维度得分差异均有统计学意义(Z=-13.66~-7.05,P值均<0.01)。中学生NSSI与社会/关系欺凌、抑郁、焦虑均呈正相关,且在网络中存在较为紧密连接(r值分别为0.35,0.43,0.42,P值均<0.01)。中心性指标提示强度和接近中心性最高为压力(Z值分别为1.29,1.58),中介中心性最高为情感交流(Z=1.91),预期影响指数最高为身体欺凌(Z=1.44)(P值均<0.05)。结论 压力、情感交流、身体欺凌在NSSI相关因素网络中有着重要影响,社会/关系欺凌、抑郁、焦虑与中学生NSSI行为存在较强的直接相关。Objective To explore the relationship between related factors of non-suicidal self-injury behavior(NSSI)among middle school students in Guizhou Province,so as to provide the evidence for preventing high-risk behaviors in adolescents.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1034 junior and senior middle school students from Zunyi City,Qiannan Prefecture and Tongren City in Guizhou Province from April to October in 2023.Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information including Adolescent Self-injury Scale and Family Assessment Device.The R 4.4.1 software was employed for network analysis visualization,centrality indicators,and result stability assessment.Results The detection rate of NSSI behavior among middle school students in Guizhou province was 29.6%,with a detection rate of 25.5%for boys and 33.1%for girls,showing a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=7.07,P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in scores of emotional communication,egoism,family rules,positive communication,problem-solving,expression of positive emotions and management of negative emotions self-efficacy,and bullying victimization in various dimensions between middle school students with and without NSSI(Z=-13.66 to-7.05,P<0.01).NSSI among middle school students was positively correlated with social/relational bullying,depression and anxiety,and there were relatively close connections in the network(r=0.35,0.43,0.42,P<0.01).Centrality indicators showed that the highest in strength and closeness centrality were stress(Z=1.29,1.58),the highest in betweenness centrality was for emotional communication(Z=1.91),and the highest in expected influence index was for physical bullying(Z=1.44)(P<0.05).Conclusions Stress,emotional communication and physical bullying have significant impacts in the network of factors related to NSSI.Social/relational bullying,depression and anxiety have strong direct correlations with NSSI behavior among middle school students.

关 键 词：自我伤害行为 精神卫生 网络分析 学生 

分 类 号：C913.5[经济管理] G444[社会学] TN711.1[哲学宗教—心理学]