基于名义应力的钢焊接结构疲劳强度评估标准对比  

Comparison of Fatigue Strength Assessment Criteria for Steel Welded Structures Based on Nominal Stresses

作　　者：邢达宸 李国顺 张红卫 陈璨 XING Dachen;LI Guoshun;ZHANG Hongwei;CHEN Can(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Locomotive&Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁路》2025年第2期98-108,共11页China Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(P2023J001-1)。

摘　　要：机车车辆含有大量钢焊接结构,对其进行准确的疲劳强度设计与评估,对列车运行安全具有重要意义。在钢焊接结构疲劳设计与评估方面,欧洲标准处于世界领先水平,内容全面且技术成熟,在国际上被广泛应用。目前,对于钢焊接结构的疲劳强度评估主要参考欧洲标准BS 7608、EN 1993-1-9、DVS 1612等。针对IIW、DVS 1612、EN 17149-3、BS 7608、EN 1993-1-9等5个标准中基于名义应力的钢焊接结构疲劳强度评估方法进行对比分析,依据焊接接头疲劳评估的一般流程,从名义应力确定、疲劳强度确定、疲劳强度评估准则3个方面,对比分析各标准的异同点,为运营速度400 km/h动车组钢焊接结构的疲劳强度评估方法的选取以及400 km/h动车组结构疲劳强度评估规范的制定提供更合理的建议。该研究对于提高中国高速动车组焊接结构疲劳评估可靠性、提升铁路相关标准技术水平、确保动车组运行安全具有重要意义。该研究成果有助于实现国内外技术标准体系接轨,为构建适合于中国高速动车组运营环境的焊接结构疲劳强度评估标准提供支撑。The presence of numerous steel welded structures in rolling stocks makes it crucial to have accurate fatigue strength design and assessment on them to ensure the safety of train operations.In the field of fatigue design and assessment of steel welded structures,European standards are at the forefront globally,as they are comprehensive and technically mature and are widely applied internationally.Currently,the assessment of fatigue strength for steel welded structures mainly refers to European standards such as BS 7608,EN 1993-1-9,and DVS 1612.This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the nominal-stressbased fatigue strength assessment methods for steel welded structures as outlined in five standards,including IIW and EN 1993-1-9.Following the general process for fatigue assessment of welded joints,the analysis compares and analyzes the similarities and differences of each standard,focusing on three aspects:determination of nominal stress,determination of fatigue strength,and fatigue strength assessment criteria.This comparison aims to provide more rational recommendations for the selection of fatigue strength assessment methods for steel welded structures in EMUs operating at 400 km/h,as well as for the formulation of fatigue strength assessment specifications for such trains.This research is of significant importance for improving the reliability of fatigue assessments for welded structures in China’s high-speed EMUs,improving the technical level of relevant railway standards,and ensuring the safe operation of EMUs.The findings of this research contribute to aligning domestic and international technical standard systems,providing support for the establishment of fatigue strength assessment criteria for welded structures that are suitable for the operational environment of high-speed EMUs in China.

关 键 词：机车车辆 高速动车组 钢焊接结构 疲劳强度 评估标准 名义应力 累积损伤 

分 类 号：U266[机械工程—车辆工程]