数字孪生技术在道路交通领域的应用与展望  

Application and Prospects of Digital Twin Technology in the Field of Road Transportation

作　　者：赵震宇 张兰芳[1] 周睿达 余博[1] ZHAO Zhenyu;ZHANG Lanfang;ZHOU Ruida;YU Bo

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804

出　　处：《上海公路》2025年第1期114-121,129,M0007,共10页Shanghai Highways

摘　　要：在数字化转型的推动下,数字孪生技术在道路交通领域展现出显著的潜力和应用价值。现对虚拟实体构建、多源数据融合、BIM+GIS技术的多尺度可视化表达和多场耦合环境下的虚拟模型计算等道路数字孪生的关键技术进行总结,全面审视了数字孪生系统在道路交通监控、设施健康监测和车辆行为建模等多个层面的应用,并探讨了其如何提升交通管理的智能化和网络韧性。然而,尽管数字孪生技术前景广阔,其在实际应用中仍面临着数据处理的复杂性、计算效率的提升需求、跨学科合作的难题以及标准化进程的缓慢等挑战。面对这些挑战,需要在传感器性能提升、数据处理优化、跨学科合作及标准化推进等方面进行技术创新和研究突破,确保系统能够高效、准确地模拟和优化复杂的交通环境。这强调了通过技术创新、跨学科合作和标准化工作来克服这些挑战的重要性,并展望了数字孪生技术在未来道路交通领域的广泛应用,为打造更高效、安全、可持续的交通系统提供了战略性见解。Driven by digital transformation,digital twinning technology has demonstrated significant potential and applicative value within the realm of road traffic.This paper summarizes a comprehensive summary of key digital twinning technologies in road traffic,encompassing the construction of virtual entities,multisource data integration,multiscale visualization through BIM+GIS technology,and virtual model computation within multi-field coupled environments.We thoroughly examine the applications of digital twin systems in road traffic monitoring,infrastructure health monitoring,and vehicle behavior modeling,and discuss how these applications can enhance the intelligence and network resilience of traffic management.Despite the promising prospects of digital twinning technology,its practical implementation still faces challenges such as the complexity of data processing,the need for enhanced computational efficiency,interdisciplinary collaboration difficulties,and the slow progress in standardization.To address these challenges,technological innovations and breakthroughs in sensor performance improvement,data processing optimization,interdisciplinary collaboration,and standardization are necessary to ensure the system's ability to efficiently and accurately simulate and optimize complex traffic environments.This paper emphasizes the importance of overcoming these challenges through technological innovation,interdisciplinary cooperation,and standardization efforts,and envisions the widespread application of digital twinning technology in the future road traffic sector,providing strategic insights for the creation of a more efficient,safe,and sustainable transportation system.

关 键 词：数字孪生 道路交通 交通运行监控 设施健康检测 自动驾驶 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]