2001—2020年蒙古高原生态环境质量时空变化分析  

Spatial and Temporal Changes of Ecological Environment Quality in the Mongolian Plateau from 2001 to 2020

作　　者：杨清丽 阿拉腾图娅[1] 敖日格乐 斯琴高娃[1] YANG Qingli;Alatengtuya;Aorigele;Siqingaowa(College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期133-141,共9页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目“草原牧区干旱-生态灾害链耦合特征及防灾研究”(2019MS04011)。

摘　　要：蒙古高原是中国北方乃至东亚地区的重要生态屏障,也是全球变暖的敏感区域。利用MODIS系列产品构建遥感生态指数(remote sensing ecological index,RSEI),分析2001—2020年蒙古高原不同植被类型区的生态环境质量变化特征,结果发现,蒙古高原生态环境质量整体处于中等偏低水平,空间上表现出从东北到西南的明显地带性演替规律,阔叶林和针叶林区的生态环境质量最好,而荒漠草原和戈壁荒漠区则最差。2001—2020年间,蒙古高原生态环境质量的变化趋势和稳定性不具备明确的地带性特征和时空连续性。面积最大的典型草原和荒漠草原区的生态环境质量呈先下降后上升的趋势,整体表现为不稳定但缓慢上升,未来持续性特征以上升转下降为主。最西南部的戈壁荒漠地区生态环境质量总体呈稳定下降趋势,未来持续性特征主要表现为下降转上升。其余植被类型区的生态环境质量均略微上升,但未来变化特征复杂多样。The Mongolian Plateau is an important ecological barrier in northern China and even in East Asia and also a sensitive area to global warming.This study utilized MODIS series products to construct the remote sensing ecological index RSEI and analyzed the change characteristics of ecological environment quality in areas of different vegetation types in the Mongolian Plateau from 2001 to 2020,with the following results obtained.Overall,the ecological environment quality of the Mongolian Plateau was at a moderately low level,and the zonal succession pattern from northeast to southwest was distinct spatially.Broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest areas had the best ecological environment quality,while desert steppe and Gobi desert areas were the worst in ecological environment quality.During 2001–2020,the change trend and stability of ecological environment quality in the Mongolian Plateau did not have clear zonal characteristics and spatiotemporal continuity.The ecological environment quality of the typical grassland and desert steppe areas with the largest areas showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,which was unstable but slowly rising on the whole,and the future sustainability exhibited the main trend from rising to falling.The ecological environment quality of the southwesternmost Gobi desert area showed a steady downward trend,and the future sustainability was mainly from decline to increase.The ecological environment quality in areas of other vegetation types increased slightly,whereas the characteristics of future changes were complex and diverse.

关 键 词：生态环境质量 蒙古高原 遥感生态指数 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]