电磁减振器的磁通自感式位置检测方法研究  

Research on the flux self-induced position detection method forelectromagnetic shock absorber

作　　者：孙凤[1] 李佩遥 周冉 吴利平[1] 曲建真 Sun Feng;Li Peiyao;Zhou Ran;Wu Liping;Qu Jianzhen(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China;State Key Laboratory of High-speed Maglev Transportation Technology,Qingdao 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,沈阳110870 [2]高速磁浮运载技术全国重点实验室,青岛266111

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2025年第1期215-226,共12页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(52375258);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2023-BSBA-263);辽宁省教育厅项目(LJ212410142015);中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司高速磁浮运载技术全国重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLM-SFCF-2024-007);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0371);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJZD-K202303401)资助。

摘　　要：在电磁减振器(ESA)的位置检测中,常用的位移传感器往往需要较大的安装空间和洁净的使用环境。为降低检测方式的复杂性和检测环境的限制,在ESA的动子端部采用3个线性霍尔传感器并间距电角度120°布置,用于检测定子永磁体的磁密变化信息,并转换为ESA的位置信息。在考虑霍尔传感器的安装误差、多传感器之间的灵敏度误差和磁场畸变产生的谐波分量的情况下,进行位置检测方法的研究。首先,通过有限元法分析端部区域的磁密变化、磁密峰值和谐波含量,确定霍尔传感器的布置位置。然后,建立考虑霍尔传感器误差和谐波干扰的输出霍尔信号数学模型。基于此模型的特点,提出了一种双锁相环(DPLL)结合带通频率同步提取滤波器(DPLL-BPFSEF)的位置解算方法。其中,DPLL用于抑制高频谐波对信号的影响,BPFSEF则用于抑制信号中出现低频率谐波的影响,补偿在解算过程中DPLL对低频率信号抑制能力不稳定的特点。最后,通过实验分析匀速和正弦运动工况下位置检测方法的有效性,结果表明,DPLL-BPFSEF和DPLL均可准确解算霍尔信号,同时实现ESA动子速度和位置的检测。通过DPLL-BPFSEF检测动子的正弦运动,速度的误差率为5.1%;DPLL-BPFSEF比DPLL的位置解算精度在匀速和正弦运动下各提升了42.8%和37%。In the position detection of electromagnetic shock absorber(ESA),the commonly used displacement sensors often require large installation space and clean usage environment.To reduce the complexity of the detection method and the limitation of the detection environment,three linear Hall sensors are used in the actuator end of the ESA and are arranged at a spacing of 120°from each other at an electrical angle.They are used for detecting the information of the magnetic density change of the stator′s permanent magnets and converting it into the position information of the ESA.The research of the position detection method is implemented under the consideration of the installation error of Hall sensors,the sensitivity error between multiple sensors and the harmonic component generated by the magnetic field distortion.First,the arrangement position of Hall sensors is determined by analyzing the magnetic density variation,magnetic density peak,and harmonic content in the end region by the finite element method.Then,a mathematical model of the output Hall signal considering the Hall sensor error and harmonic interference is formulated.Based on the characteristics of this model,a dual phase-locked loop(DPLL)combined with a band-pass frequency synchronization extraction filter(DPLL-BPFSEF)position-solving method is proposed.DPLL is used to suppress the influence of high-frequency harmonics on the signal,and BPFSEF is utilized to suppress the influence of low-frequency harmonics appearing in the signal to compensate for the unstable suppression ability of DPLL on low-frequency signals during the solving process.Finally,the effectiveness of the position detection method under uniform speed and sinusoidal motion conditions is analyzed through experiments.The results show that both DPLL-BPFSEF and DPLL can accurately solve Hall signals and realize the detection of the speed and position of the ESA actuator at the same time.The error rate of velocity is 5.1%when detecting the sinusoidal motion of the actuator by DPLL-BPFSEF,an

关 键 词：电磁减振器 霍尔传感器 位置检测 双锁相环 带通频率同步提取滤波器 

分 类 号：TH7[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]