新生儿科护士早产儿体位支持行为现状及影响因素调查  

A survey of current status and influencing factors of supportive positioning for preterm infants in neonatal nurses

作　　者：李变[1] 葛侯睿 杜雪燕 张倩男 蒙景雯[1] Li Bian;Ge Hourui;Du Xueyan;Zhang Qiannan;Meng Jingwen(Department of Nursing,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China;School of Nursing,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Children's Medical Center,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 102699,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院护理部,北京100034 [2]北京大学护理学院,北京100191 [3]北京大学第一医院儿童医学中心,北京102699

出　　处：《中华新生儿科杂志(中英文)》2025年第3期142-147,共6页Chinese Journal of Neonatology

摘　　要：目的调查新生儿科护士早产儿体位支持行为现状, 并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样方法, 使用一般资料调查问卷和新生儿科护士早产儿体位支持行为评估量表(4个维度, 共25个问题, 每个问题1~5分), 于2023年6月对我国12所三级甲等医院的新生儿重症监护室(neonatal intensive care unit, NICU)和新生儿病房护士进行横断面调查, 分析新生儿科护士早产儿体位支持行为的现状和影响因素。结果共纳入203名NICU和新生儿病房护士, 早产儿体位支持行为评估量表各问题的均分为(4.3±0.9)分, 各维度均分由高到低为体位支持的意义(4.5±0.9)分、体位支持的自我努力与社会支持(4.3±0.8)分、体位支持的信心(4.1±0.9)分、体位支持的物理环境(4.0±1.1)分。本科以上学历护士得分高于专科以下学历护士, 综合医院护士高于儿科专科医院和妇幼医院护士, 儿科专科医院护士高于妇幼医院护士, 正式在编护士高于合同制和派遣制护士, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论我国新生儿科护士早产儿体位支持行为总体较好, 但体位支持的信心还需加强, 体位支持的物理环境还需进一步改善。建议在新生儿科护士培训和新生儿学术会议中强化早产儿发育支持护理的理念及实施, 并对早产儿体位支持方法进行指导。Objective:To study the current status and influencing factors of supportive positioning for preterm infants in neonatal nurses.Methods:A cross-sectional survey from nurses in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)and neonatal ward of 12 tertiary-level hospitals was conducted in June 2023.Using convenience sampling method,a general information questionnaire and the neonatal nurses'preterm infant supportive positioning scale(SPS)(4 dimensions,a total of 25 questions,each scored 1-5 points)were retrieved.The current status and influencing factors of supportive positioning for preterm infants in neonatal nurses were analyzed.Results:A total of 203 neonatal nurses were included and the average score of each question in SPS was 4.3±0.9.As for scores of each dimension,from high to low,were significance of supportive positioning 4.5±0.9,self-effort and social support for supportive positioning 4.3±0.8,confidence in supportive positioning 4.1±0.9 and physical environment for supportive positioning 4.0±1.1.Nurses with bachelor's or above degree scored higher than those with junior college or below degree.Nurses from general hospitals scored higher than nurses from children hospitals and maternity and child care centers and nurses from children hospitals scored higher than nurses from maternity and child care centers.Staff nurses had higher scores than contracted and dispatched nurses(all P<0.05).Conclusions:The neonatal nurses'supportive positioning behaviors for preterm infants in China are generally good.The confidence of supportive positioning should be strengthened,the physical environment of supportive positioning should be improved and the ideal and implementation of supportive positioning should be promoted.

关 键 词：早产儿 体位支持 护士 发育支持护理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]