公共数据开放对民营企业创新的影响  

The Impact of Public Data Openness on Innovation in Private Enterprises

作　　者：李长英[1] 王曼 张帅 LI Changying;WANG Man;ZHANG Shuai(School of Economics,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学经济学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《广东财经大学学报》2025年第2期4-21,共18页Journal of Guangdong University of Finance & Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(23AJY006);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023MG006)。

摘　　要：民营企业作为科技创新的主体,是推动创新驱动发展战略实施的重要力量。基于2007-2022年沪深A股民营上市公司数据,借助省级政府建立公共数据开放平台的准自然实验,构建多时点双重差分模型实证考察公共数据开放对民营企业创新的影响与作用机制。研究发现,公共数据开放促进了民营企业创新,使民营企业专利申请数量平均增加7.8%,该影响通过改善市场竞争环境和降低企业经营风险这两个机制予以实现。对于年轻企业、数字化水平较高、行业竞争程度较低以及知识产权保护水平较高地区的企业,公共数据开放对民营企业创新的促进作用更为显著。此外,公共数据开放促使民营企业采取实质性创新和合作创新策略,并提升了企业的经营绩效和市场价值。本研究为深入理解公共数据开放的创新驱动机制提供了经验证据,对优化公共数据供给体系,促进民营企业高质量发展具有重要的政策启示。As the main body of science and technology innovation,private enterprises are an important force in promoting the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy.Based on the data from private listed companies on A-share markets of Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2022,and utilizing the quasi-natural experiment of public data openness platforms established by provincial governments,this study constructs a multi-period difference-in-difference model to empirically investigate the impact and mechanisms of public data openness on private enterprises innovation.The research shows that public data openness promotes innovation in private enterprises and increases the number of their patent applications by an average of 7.8%.This impact is realized through two mechanisms:improving the market competition environment and reducing business risks.The promoting effect of public data openness on private enterprise innovation is more significant for the younger enterprises,and the enterprises with higher digitization levels,lower levels of competition in the industry,and in regions with higher levels of intellectual property protection.In addition,public data openness prompts private enterprises to adopt substantive and collaborative innovation strategies,and enhances their business performance and market value.This study provides empirical evidence for a deeper understanding of the innovation-driving mechanisms of public data openness and offers important policy implications for optimizing the public data supply system and promoting the high-quality development of private enterprises.

关 键 词：公共数据开放 民营企业创新 市场竞争 经营风险 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理] F062.4[经济管理—国民经济]