人工智能和大数据技术创新支撑癌症精准诊疗  

Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Technology Innovations Supporting Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancers

作　　者：林丽 曾宪越 甄梓铖 陈梓杭 杨钰羡 孙颖[1] LIN Li;ZENG Xianyue;ZHEN Zicheng;CHEN Zihang;YANG Yuxian;SUN Ying(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy,Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]华南恶性肿瘤防治全国重点实验室,广东省鼻咽癌诊治研究重点实验室,广东省恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心,中山大学肿瘤防治中心,广州510060

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2025年第3期450-464,共15页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：中山大学肿瘤防治中心高层次人才特殊支持计划(批准号:CIRP-SYSUCC-0010)资助的课题。

摘　　要：近年来,人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)和大数据(big data)技术在癌症诊断、个体化精准治疗、智能放射治疗和癌症研究中得到了广泛应用。大量研究表明以深度学习为代表的AI技术与大数据对于提高癌症诊疗的质量和效率具有重要作用,并有助于临床医生实现癌症的个体化精准治疗。在鼻咽癌诊疗中,大数据、AI辅助靶区和危及器官勾画、AI辅助放疗计划设计和AI驱动的在线自适应放疗等都进一步革新了精准放疗和个体化全身治疗决策。然而,伦理问题、技术瓶颈及在实际应用中的困难仍亟待解决。该文总结了AI在肿瘤学领域的巨大进展,并深入探讨了大数据、AI辅助技术如何改变鼻咽癌治疗的临床决策。最后,该文分析了AI和大数据驱动的癌症治疗的局限性和挑战,并展望了它们对未来临床实践的潜在影响。In recent years,AI(artificial intelligence)and big data technologies have been widely applied in cancer diagnosis,precision medicine,radiotherapy,and cancer research.AI,especially deep learning and big data,has contributed substantially to enhancing the quality and efficiency of cancer diagnosis and treatment,facilitating personalized and precise treatment for individual patients.In the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,AIassisted contouring,radiotherapy planning,and adaptive radiotherapy have significantly advanced clinical decisionmaking,enabling more personalized treatment strategies.However,ethical concerns,technical limitations,and barriers in clinical implementation remain critical challenges.This article highlights significant advancements in the application of AI in oncology and explores how big data and AI-assisted technologies are reshaping clinical decision-making in NPC treatment.Finally,it analyzes the challenges of AI and big data’s application for cancer diagnosis and treatment,and offers perspectives on their potential impacts on future clinical practice.

关 键 词：人工智能 大数据 癌症诊断 精准治疗 鼻咽癌 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]