个性化新抗原疫苗联合免疫治疗:肝细胞癌精准治疗新策略  

Neoantigen Vaccines and Immunotherapy:a Precision Approach for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment

作　　者：刘涛 刘金平 LIU Tao;LIU Jinping(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]华南恶性肿瘤防治全国重点实验室,广东省恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心,中山大学肿瘤防治中心,广州510060

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2025年第3期475-485,共11页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:82373257、21HAA02056);中山大学肿瘤防治中心青年人才计划(批准号:YTP-SYSUCC-0056)资助的课题。

摘　　要：肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一,现有治疗方案效果有限。该文旨在概述探索个性化新生抗原疫苗联合免疫治疗在HCC治疗中的应用前景。通过先进的从头质谱分析技术,识别患者特异肿瘤新抗原,结合机器学习和人工智能算法AI(artificial intelligence)建立一套基于新生抗原异源性、驱动突变、主要组织相容性复合物(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)呈递和T细胞受体(T-cell receptor,TCR)亲和力等多维度的方法学和评价体系来推动个性化疫苗设计方案。强调举例领域内既往研究发现,类似疗法可显著增强抗肿瘤免疫应答,提高免疫治疗效果。这一策略为HCC的个性化免疫精准治疗提供新思路,还可能为其他恶性肿瘤的治疗带来突破。HCC(hepatocellular carcinoma)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide,and current treatment options have limited efficacy.This article aims to outline the potential of personalized neoantigen vaccines combined with immunotherapy in the treatment of HCC.By utilizing advanced de novo mass spectrometry techniques to identify patient-specific tumor neoantigens,and integrating machine learning and AI(artificial intelligence)algorithms,a comprehensive methodology and evaluation system is established.This system is based on multiple dimensions,including neoantigen heterogeneity,driver mutations,MHC(major histocompatibility complex)presentation,and TCR(T-cell receptor)affinity,to advance personalized vaccine design.The article highlights previous findings in the field,demonstrating that similar therapeutic approaches can significantly enhance anti-tumor immune responses and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.This strategy not only provides a novel approach for personalized and precise immunotherapy in HCC but may also offer breakthroughs for the treatment of other malignancies.

关 键 词：肝细胞癌 联合靶向免疫治疗 患者特异性肿瘤新抗原疫苗 从头质谱分析 精准医学 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]