基于有限元的桥式起重机轻量化研究  

Research on Lightweight of Bridge CraneBase on Finite Element Environment

作　　者：黄奶秋 宋萌萌[1] 林晓燕 HUANG Naiqiu;SONG Mengmeng;LIN Xiaoyan(College of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Ningde Normal University,Ningde,Fujian 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德师范学院机电工程学院,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《九江学院学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期50-54,69,共6页Journal of Jiujiang University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(编号JAT220390);宁德师范学院科技特派员科研资助专项(编号2023ZX508)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：针对国产起重机械结构冗余,自重偏大的特点,文章提出基于有限元的结构优化方法。以广泛使用的QD20-22.5A5型号的桥式起重机为例,开展轻量化研究。根据起重机主要性能参数,进行静态理论分析和有限元环境下的静力学分析,发现结构有较大优化空间。以许可刚度和强度为约束状态变量,起重机重量最轻为目标函数,建立优化数学模型,获得最优的主梁和端梁结构参数,起重机重量减轻约18.42%。实现结构优化,重量减轻,为起重机械轻量化设计提供工程参考。In response to the shortcomings of structural redundancy and excessive self weight of domestic lifting machinery,we proposed a structural optimization method based finite element.The QD20-22.5A5 bridge crane model,which was widely used in practice,as an example,was taken to conduct lightweight research.The static theoretical analysis and static analysis under finite element environment based on the main performance parameters of the crane was taken and found that there was significant room for optimization in the structure.We conld get the optimal structural parameters of the main beam and end beam through stablishing an optimization mathematical model with allowable stiffness and strength as constraint state variables,and the lightest crane weight as the objective function,which led that the trane weight reduced by approximately 18.42%.This achieved the goal of optimizing structure,and reducing weight,whicn provided engineering reference for lightweight design of lifting machinery.

关 键 词：起重机械 优化 分析 轻量化 

分 类 号：TH21[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]