基于跨介质通信技术的空海无人机设计与实现  

Design and Implementation of an Air-sea Integrated UAV Based on Cross-medium Communication Technology

作　　者：吴立华[1] 蔡展达 武云发 何镜奎 张彬如 陈婷婷 黄贤由 林俊华 Wu Lihua;Cai Zhanda;Wu Yunfa;He Jingkui;Zhang Binru;Chen Tingting;Huang Xianyou;Lin Junhua(School of Robotics,Guangdong Polytechnic Institute,Guangzhou 510030,China;School of Automation,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 511400,China)

机构地区：[1]广东理工职业学院机器人学院,广州510030 [2]广东工业大学自动化学院,广州511400

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2025年第5期52-58,共7页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：广东省普通高校重点科研平台和项目重点领域专项(2023ZDZX4072);广东理工职业学院创新强校建设项目(2023LGCQ06-03)。

摘　　要：随着跨介质无人机在海洋监测和水下巡检等领域的应用需求增加,水空一体化无人机的设计面临水下通信受限和环境适应性不足的技术挑战。提出了一种基于跨介质通信技术的空海无人机系统,旨在实现无人机在空中和水下环境之间的无缝转换。该系统采用十字共轴多旋翼结构,通过水下光纤通信技术解决水下通信的高带宽和低损耗问题,显著提升通信效率。无人机设计包括空中、水面和水下运动模式,以及出水及入水方式,确保在不同介质中的稳定性和高效性。实验结果表明,该系统在水下信号传输和结构转换稳定性方面表现优异,适用于海洋监测、应急救援等多种复杂场景。本研究的创新点包括水下光纤通信技术的应用、高稳定性的共轴双层旋翼结构设计,以及系统集成和实验验证,为水空一体化无人机的应用提供了理论和技术支持。With the increasing demand for cross-medium unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in ocean monitoring and underwater inspection,the design of aerial and underwater integrated UAVs faces technical challenges such as limited underwater communication and insufficient environmental adaptability.An air-sea integrated UAV system based on cross-medium communication technology is proposed,aiming to achieve seamless transition between aerial and underwater environments.The system employs a cross-axis coaxial multi-rotor structure and utilizes underwater optical fiber communication technology to address the issues of high bandwidth and low loss in underwater communication,thereby significantly improving communication efficiency.The UAV design includes modes of operation in the air,on the surface,and underwater,as well as methods for entering and exiting water,ensuring stability and efficiency in different media.Experimental results demonstrate that the system performs excellently in underwater signal transmission and structural transition stability,making it suitable for various complex scenarios such as ocean monitoring and emergency rescue.The innovations of this study include the application of underwater optical fiber communication technology,the design of a highly stable coaxial double-layer rotor structure,and system integration and experimental verification,providing theoretical and technical support for the application of aerial and underwater integrated UAVs.

关 键 词：空海一体化无人机 水下光通信 结构设计 动力系统 能源管理 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统] V279[电子电信—信息与通信工程]