基于复合酶法脱胶的玉米苞叶纤维的性能分析  

Performance analysis of corn husk fiber based on enzyme degumming

作　　者：田英华[1,2] 王男 夏超越 吴红艳 陈美方[1,2] TIAN Yinghua;WANG Nan;XIA Chaoyue;WU Hongyan;CHEN Meifang(College of Food and Biology Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China;Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Theory and Techniques of Corn Deep-processing,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学食品与生物工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]玉米深加工理论与技术黑龙江省重点实验室,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2025年第3期54-58,共5页Wool Textile Journal

基　　金：黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410232099);黑龙江省玉米深加工理论与技术重点实验室项目(SPKF202010)。

摘　　要：为了提升废弃玉米苞叶的利用率并将其转化为有价值的资源,采用复合酶对玉米苞叶进行脱胶处理,探究酶法脱胶对玉米苞叶纤维理化特性的影响,并测试玉米苞叶的化学组分、微观结构、结晶度、红外光谱、断裂强度等。结果表明:玉米苞叶中胶质主要组分为脂蜡质、水溶物、果胶、半纤维素和木质素,胶质含量约为80%,大量的胶质黏附在纤维上,纤维黏结形成了片状结构;酶处理后大量胶质从纤维上脱除,纤维素含量提高至47.48%,玉米苞叶纤维表面较为光滑平整,结晶度由29.54%提升为43.17%,纤维的断裂强度可达16.46 cN/tex。In order to improve the utilization rate of discarded corn husks and turn them into valuable resources.compound enzymes were used to degum corn husks,the effects of enzymatic degumming on the physicochemical properties of corn husk fibers were investigated using chemical composition,microstructure,crystallinity,infrared spectroscopy and breaking strength as evaluation indicators.The results show that the main components of the colloid in the corn husks were lipids,water-soluble substances,pectin,hemicellulose and lignin,with a colloid content of about 80%.The fibers were adhered to a large amount of colloid,bonding them together to form a sheet-like structure.After enzymatic treatment,a large amount of gum was removed from the fibers,and the cellulose content increased to 47.48%.The surface of the corn husk fiber was smoother and flatter,and the crystallinity increased from 29.54% to 43.17%.The fiber breaking strength reached 16.46 cN/tex.

关 键 词：玉米苞叶纤维 复合酶法 脱胶 力学特性 

分 类 号：TS102[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]