基于Thermal Time模型预测高加索三叶草花序生长和花期发展  

Prediction of Inflorescence Growth and Flowering Development in Caucasian Clover Based on Thermal Time Model

作　　者：张慧敏[1] 王明玖[1] 提忠慧 刘嘉伟 曹克璠 马一鸣 ZHANG Hui-min;WANG Ming-jiu;TI Zhong-hui;LIU Jia-wei;CAO Ke-fan;MA Yi-ming(College of Grassland Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010020,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草业学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期850-858,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160334);国家留学基金委资助。

摘　　要：Thermal time模型认为植物需要高于基准温度(Base temperature,Tb)累积固定量的热效应(Thermal time,Tt)来完成特定的发育阶段,低于Tb或未达到固定量的Tt,不发生发育阶段的转化。本文在中国青藏高原、内蒙古高原、东北平原和新西兰坎特伯雷平原设置5个试验区,以高加索三叶草(Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.)为研究对象,观测单个花序发育速率和种群开花进展速率。基于试验区温度,运用Thermal time模型预测花序生长和花期进展,旨在量化花序开放和花期推进所需的热量条件,以此指导高加索三叶草饲草利用和种子生产。结果表明,高加索三叶草从现蕾发育到最大花序尺寸约需在2℃以上累积25℃·d;从始花期到盛花期需在7.5℃以上累积635℃·d;从盛花期到结实期存在地形差异,高原地区需在8.7℃以上累积1813℃·d,平原地区需在3℃以上累积1290℃·d。在高原地区高加索三叶草更适合饲草利用,在平原地区有种子生产利用的潜质。The Thermal time model assumes that plants require a cumulative fixed amount of thermal time(Tt)above a base temperature(Tb)to complete a specific developmental stage and that no developmental stage trans⁃formation occurs below Tb or not reaching a cumulative fixed amount of Tt.A total of five experimental sites were established on the Tibetan Plateau,the Inner Mongolian Plateau,and the Northeastern Plain,China,and the Canterbury Plain,New Zealand to observe the development rate of individual inflorescence and the rate of flower⁃ing progress in populations of Caucasian Clover(Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.).Thermal time model was applied to predict inflorescence growth and flower development based on the temperatures in the trial areas,with the aim of quantifying the thermal conditions required for inflorescence opening and flower development as a guide for Caucasian clover forage use and seed production.The results showed that from flower bud to maximum inflores⁃cence size required accumulating 25℃·d above 2℃,and 635℃·d above 7.5℃was required from initial flowering to full flowering.There were topographic differences from full flowering stage to seed setting stage,with 1813℃·d above 8.7℃in the plateau region,and 1290℃·d above 3℃in the plain regions,which makes Caucasian clover more suitable for forage use in the plateau regions and seed production in the plain regions.

关 键 词：高加索三叶草 温度 基温 花期 热效应 

分 类 号：S314[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]