基于超螺旋算法的星舰自适应滑模姿态控制器设计  

Adaptive sliding mode attitude controller design for starship based on super-twisting algorithm

作　　者：陈星宇 王靖瑶 CHEN Xingyu;WANG Jingyao(School of Aerospace Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen,361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学航空航天学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《厦门大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期253-262,共10页Journal of Xiamen University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62473323,52372419);厦门市自然科学基金(3502Z202471004)。

摘　　要：[目的]为了使星舰适应复杂的再入环境,同时考虑到诸多不确定因素与大量扰动,需要对飞行器的控制算法进行研究,以实现星舰姿态控制的快速反应和精准稳定的控制.[方法]本文设计了一种自适应超螺旋控制策略,在扰动边界未知的情况下实现控制器对扰动的自适应,避免对扰动边界的过估计.该控制策略不仅拥有滑模控制器的快速收敛特性,自适应部分还使控制策略更加灵活,在降低抖振的同时也能快速实现收敛,参数的自动调节也使控制设计更加简单.首先建立对星舰的物理模型与控制模型,为了细分控制过程,基于控制模型,将姿态模型分为内外环,分别设计滑模控制器,利用李雅普诺夫理论证明控制器的稳定性.然后分别设置星舰在再入过程中的各项参数与扰动,模拟星舰可能遇到的情况.[结果]利用MATLAB进行数值仿真,在多种控制情形和高扰动环境下进行验证,该控制器可以在复杂气动环境下稳定控制星舰姿态实现多控制情形的控制.[结论]本文设计控制器相较于普通控制器具有更优良的控制性能,可以在灵活调节控制效果的基础上满足星舰等类似可再入飞行器在复杂环境下的各种复杂控制需要.[Objective]To adapt the starship to the complex reentry environment,many uncertain factors,and a large number of disturbances,the spiral controller of the spacecraft is studied.Herein,we aim to attain the fast response and accurate and stable control of the starship attitude control.[Methods]An adaptive hyperspiral control strategy is designed to establish the controller's self-adaptation to the disturbance when the disturbance boundary is unknown.Consequently,the overestimation of the disturbance boundary can be avoided.For the purposed of subdividing the control process based on the control model,(a)the attitude model is divided into inner and outer rings;(b)sliding mode controllers are designed respectively;and(c)Lyapunov theory is used to prove the stability of controllers.Finally,parameters and disturbances of the starship in the reentry process are set respectively to simulate situations that the starship may encounter.[Results]Numerical simulations are carried out with MATLAB to verify various control situations and the high disturbance environment.It is proved that the controller can stably control the attitude of starship in complex aerodynamic environments to achieve multi-control situation controls.Not only the control strategy secures the fast convergence characteristic of sliding mode controller,but also the adaptive part manages to increase the flexibility of the control strategy and can achieve rapid convergences while reducing buffeting.Finally,the automatic adjustment of parameters also enhances the simplicity of the control design.[Conclusions]We have demonstrated that the proposed controller outperforms ordinary ones,and can meet various complex control needs in complex environments of similar reentry aircrafts,such as starships,on the basis of flexible adjustment of control effects.

关 键 词：星舰 姿态控制 超螺旋滑模 自适应控制 

分 类 号：V249.122.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]