2023年中国中学生获得烟草来源及购烟时未被拒绝情况分析  

Access to and unrestricted purchase of smoked or smokeless tobacco among secondary school students in China,2023:a nationwide cross-sectional survey

作　　者：祁明新 贾孝凯 曾新颖[1] 刘世炜[1] 肖琳[1] QI Mingxin;JIA Xiaokai;ZENG Xinying;LIU Shiwei;XIAO Lin(Tobacco Control Office,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心控烟办,北京100050

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2025年第2期161-164,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：WHO全球青少年烟草调查(WPDHP1206671);烟草流行监测和控烟综合干预;全球卫生能力建设与控烟项目。

摘　　要：目的了解2023年中国中学生获得烟草来源及购买时未被拒绝情况,为评价控烟相关法律法规的实施效果提供参考依据。方法于2023年9—12月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法在我国31个省(直辖市、自治区)抽取912所初中、590所普通高中和274所职业高中共1776所中学的273154名中学生进行问卷调查。结果最终纳入分析的261454名中国中学生中,有14199(加权后4678233)名和4643(加权后1483681)名中学生曾在过去30 d内获得过卷烟和电子烟。获得过卷烟的中学生中有75.8%的中学生仅使用1种方式获得,有24.2%的中学生使用≥2种方式获得,其获得卷烟的主要3种方式为零售店购买(58.7%)、别人给的(42.3%)和家里拿的(13.4%);获得过电子烟的中学生中有84.4%的中学生仅使用1种方式获得,有15.6%的中学生使用≥2种方式获得,其获得电子烟的主要3种方式为网上购买(44.2%)、电子烟体验店或零售店购买(33.1%)和商场(超市、便利店、杂货店)购买(28.3%)。有4738(加权后1585135)和2333(加权后791337)名现在吸烟的中学生在过去30 d内购买卷烟和电子烟时未被拒绝,购买卷烟和电子烟时未被拒绝的比例分别为71.7%和66.7%。购买卷烟时,女生未被拒绝的比例(76.0%)高于男生(70.7%),高中生未被拒绝的比例(75.2%)高于初中生(66.8%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);购买电子烟时,高中生未被拒绝的比例(69.7%)高于初中生(64.9%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.900,P=0.048)。结论2023年中国中学生获得卷烟和电子烟的方式依然以烟草零售店和网络为主;中学生在购买卷烟和电子烟时未被拒绝的比例较高,建议加强对烟草零售店和网络平台的监管,保护未成年人远离烟草。Objective To understand different ways of obtaining and unrestricted access to purchase cigarettes and ecigarettes among Chinese secondary school students to provide evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of tobacco control laws and regulations.Methods Study participants were 273154 students recruited using a multistage stratified cluster random sample from 912 junior high schools,590 regular high schools,and 274 vocational high schools in 31 provinciallevel administrative divisions of China.On-site,anonymous,self-administered surveys were conducted from September to December 2023 using the questionnaire developed by the Tobacco Control Office,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Results Of the 261454 participants who provided valid responses,14199(corresponding to a national estimate of 4678233 students)and 4643(corresponding to a national estimate of 1483681 students),based on sampling,non-response,and post-stratification weighting,self-reported having purchased cigarettes and e-cigarettes,respectively,in the past 30 days.Among cigarette purchasers,75.8%obtained cigarettes through a single channel,while24.2%used two or more channels.The top three access channels were retail outlets(58.7%),sharing from others(42.3%),and obtaining them at home(13.4%).Similarly,among e-cigarette purchasers,84.4%accessed e-cigarettes through one channel,and 15.6%used two or more channels.The main access channels for e-cigarettes were online shopping(44.2%),experience shops or retail outlets(33.1%),and shopping malls,supermarkets,convenience stores,or grocery stores(28.3%).Among current school smokers surveyed,71.7%(4738 corresponding to a national estimate of 1585135students)and 66.7%(2333,corresponding to a national estimate of 791337 students)reported unrestricted access to purchase cigarettes and e-cigarettes,respectively,in the past 30 days.Higher rates of unrestricted access to cigarettes were observed among female smokers compared with male smokers(76.0%vs.70.7%,P<0.05)and among high school smokers compared with

关 键 词：获得烟草来源 购烟时未被拒绝 中学生 中国 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]