基于非溶剂诱导相分离聚丙烯腈-掺铝氧化锌/石墨烯红外隐身薄膜的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of polyacrylonitrile-aluminum-doped zinc oxide/graphene infrared stealth films based on non-solvent induced phase separation

作　　者：张楠 李洪启[1] 刘栋良[1] ZHANG Nan;LI Hongqi;LIU Dongliang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学化学与化工学院,上海

出　　处：《东华大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期96-102,共7页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：“聚合物分子工程国家重点实验室(复旦大学)”开放研究课题基金(K2022-38)。

摘　　要：利用六水合硝酸锌和九水合硝酸铝为主要反应物,通过水热合成法制备掺铝氧化锌(AZO)。采用非溶剂诱导相分离技术,以聚丙烯腈(PAN)、AZO和石墨烯(graphene)为原料,制备具有高孔隙率和高比表面积的柔性复合薄膜。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、扫描电子显微成像、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱和热红外成像等方法,对制备的复合薄膜进行表征和性能测试。结果表明:在PAN-AZO薄膜中,AZO质量分数为15%时,薄膜的红外发射率为0.28。AZO粒子的导电性使辐射能在复合材料内部得到更好的传导和分散,降低了红外发射率,但随着AZO质量分数的增加,复合颗粒表面粗糙程度增加,导致红外发射率增大。考虑到π波段的光学跃迁,大多数碳材料可以用作光吸收剂。为增强红外隐身性能,引入石墨烯,制备了PAN-AZO/graphene复合薄膜,在8~14μm波段红外发射率低至0.23,表现出良好的热伪装性能。Aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO)was prepared by hydrothermal synthetic method from the primary reactants zinc nitrate hexahydrate and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate.Flexible composite films with high porosity and specific surface area were prepared from the raw materials polyacrylonitrile(PAN),AZO and graphene by using non-solvent induced phase separation approach.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy,Xray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and thermal infrared imaging were used for characterization and property measurements of the composite films.The results indicate that the PAN-AZO film containing 15%mass fraction of AZO shows the lowest infrared emissivity of 0.28.The conductivity of the AZO particles facilitated better conduction and dispersion of radiant energy inside the composite material,hence lowering the IR emissivity.However,the surface of the composite particles became rougher with the increase of AZO content,leading to increase of the IR emissivity.Considering that the majority of carbon materials are suitable for use as light absorbers due to optical leap in theπ-band,graphene was incorporated to prepare PAN-AZO/graphene composite films for improving the infrared stealth performance.The films displayed as low infrared emissivity as 0.23 in the 8-14μm band,and exhibited good thermal camouflage performance.

关 键 词：掺铝氧化锌 石墨烯 复合膜 非溶剂诱导相分离 红外隐身 

分 类 号：O6441[理学—物理化学]