基于大数据的癌症负担评价助力癌症防治:应用与挑战  

Evaluation of Cancer Burden Based on Big Data:Applications and Challenges in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

作　　者：陈宏达 陈万青[2] CHEN Hongda;CHEN Wanqing(Center for Prevention and Early Intervention,National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine,Institute of Clinical Medicine,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Office of Cancer Screening,National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院转化医学国家重大科技基础设施预防与早期干预平台,北京100730 [2]国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院肿瘤医院癌症早诊早治办公室,北京100021

出　　处：《协和医学杂志》2025年第2期506-512,共7页Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82273726);北京市科技新星计划(20230484397)。

摘　　要：癌症已成为威胁人类生命健康的重大疾病之一。2022年全球新增癌症病例1997万,死亡病例974万,给社会造成了沉重负担。系统全面掌握癌症负担是制定有效防治策略的基石。以GLOBOCAN数据库和全球疾病负担数据库为代表的开源数据库为掌握最新癌症负担数据、确定重点防治领域、指导筛查与早诊早治、评估防治措施效果提供了重要支撑。同时,癌症大数据领域也面临数据标准化程度不足和隐私保护机制不完善等问题。未来应在确保患者隐私安全的基础上,进一步提高数据质量、推进数据共享、提升癌症防治资源公平性并加强国际合作,合理促进癌症防控策略的精准化与科学化发展,从而为降低癌症负担、增进全球健康福祉作出积极贡献。Cancer has become one of the most significant diseases threatening human life and health.In 2022,there were 19.97 million new cancer cases and 9.74 million cancer⁃related deaths worldwide,imposing a heavy burden on society.A systematic and comprehensive understanding of the cancer burden is the cornerstone for formulating effective prevention and control strategies.Open⁃source databases,represented by the GLOBO⁃CAN database and the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)database,provide critical support for obtaining the lat⁃est cancer burden data,identifying key areas for prevention and control,guiding screening and early diagnosis and treatment,and evaluating the effectiveness of intervention measures.However,the field of cancer big data also faces challenges,such as insufficient data standardization and inadequate privacy protection mechanisms.In the future,while ensuring patient privacy and security,efforts should be made to further improve data quali⁃ty,promote data sharing,enhance the equity of cancer prevention and treatment resources,and strengthen in⁃ternational collaboration.These measures will reasonably advance the precision and scientific development of cancer prevention and control strategies,with the aim of reducing the cancer burden and contributing to global health and well⁃being.

关 键 词：癌症负担 大数据 癌症防治 GLOBOCAN数据库 全球疾病负担数据库 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤] R18[医药卫生—临床医学]