膳食模式与代谢相关脂肪性肝病的关联性研究  

Association between dietary patterns and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease

作　　者：贾佳 刘婧 桑晨 陈浩 王敏珍[1] JIA Jia;LIU Jing;SANG Chen;CHEN Hao;WANG Minzhen(Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Disease Prevention and Control Center of Chengguan District(Health Inspection Center),Lanzhou City,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,流行病与卫生统计学系,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州市城关区疾病预防与控制中心(区卫生监督所),甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报(医学版)》2025年第2期66-74,87,共10页Journal of Lanzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：河北省糖尿病基础医学研究重点实验室项目(KF2023-02)。

摘　　要：目的基于美国国家健康与营养调查数据,提取美国成年人的膳食模式并分析其与代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)的关系。方法选择美国国家健康与营养调查2013—2020年3个数据集中20岁以上的成年人作为研究对象,采用主成分分析提取膳食模式,应用加权Logistic回归模型、趋势检验和4个节点的加权限制性立方样条模型,分析各类膳食模式与MAFLD之间的关联性和剂量反应关系,并根据性别、年龄进行亚组分析。结果共纳入6621例研究对象,提取出4种膳食模式,调整14个影响因素后,蔬菜-油脂模式评分与MAFLD患病风险呈线性负相关关系(OR=0.84,95%CI:[0.78,0.90];P总趋势<0.05,P非线性>0.05),低固体脂肪-精制谷物模式和奶类-全谷物模式评分与MAFLD患病风险呈非线性负相关关系(OR=0.82,95%CI:[0.74,0.92],OR=0.92,95%CI:[0.85,0.99];P总趋势<0.05,P非线性<0.05),番茄-豆类蛋白模式评分与MAFLD患病风险的关联无统计学意义(OR=0.97,95%CI:[0.88,1.06];P总趋势>0.05)。性别、年龄亚组分析的结果受膳食模式食物成分间的混合作用和人群偏好影响,有一定差异。结论除番茄-豆类蛋白模式外,其他3种膳食模式可能均为MAFLD患病风险的保护因素,研究结果表现出性别、年龄差异。Objective Based on the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,this study aimed to extract the dietary patterns among U.S.adults and analyze their associations with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).Methods Adults over 20 years old from three datasets of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2013—2020 were selected as research subjects.Principal component analysis was employed to extract dietary patterns.Weighted Logistic regression models,trend tests,and weighted restricted cubic spline models with four knots were applied to analyze the associations and dose-response relationships between various dietary patterns and MAFLD.Subgroup analyses were conducted according to gender and age.Results A total of 6621 research subjects were included,and four dietary patterns were extracted.After adjusting for 14 influencing factors,the score of the Vegetable and Oils pattern was linearly inversely associated with the risk of MAFLD(OR=0.84,95%CI:[0.78,0.90];P for overall trend<0.05,P for non-linearity>0.05).The scores of the Low Solid Fat and Refined Grains pattern and the Milk and Whole Grains pattern showed non-linear inverse associations with the risk of MAFLD(OR=0.82,95%CI:[0.74,0.92],OR=0.92,95%CI:[0.85,0.99];Pfor overall trend<0.05,Pfor non-linearity<0.05).The association between the score of the Tomato and Legume Protein pattern and the risk of MAFLD was not statistically significant(OR=0.97,95%CI:[0.88,1.06];Pfor overall trend>0.05).The results of subgroup analyses by gender and age were affected by the mixing effects among food components in dietary patterns and population preferences,showing certain differences.Conclusion Except for the Tomato and Legume Protein pattern,the other three dietary patterns may all serve as protective factors against the risk of MAFLD.The results of this study showed differences in gender and age.

关 键 词：膳食模式 代谢相关脂肪性肝病 主成分分析 限制性立方样条 美国国家健康与营养调查 

分 类 号：R151.41[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]