基于无人机倾斜摄影测量的露天矿山复垦动态监测  

Dynamic monitoring for open-pit mine reclamation based on UAV oblique photogrammetry

作　　者：钟伟华 刘景矿[2] ZHONG Weihua;LIU Jingkuang(Urban and Rural Institute(Guangzhou)Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511399,China;School of Management,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]城乡院(广州)有限公司,广东广州511399 [2]广州大学管理学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《测绘通报》2025年第3期21-26,共6页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(22BGL187)。

摘　　要：露天矿山复垦监测的传统手段主要以卫星遥感监测与现场调查为主,存在精度低、效率低等问题。为加强露天矿山复垦动态监测,提高地区自然资源主管部门对矿山复垦过程监管的能力,本文探索了无人机倾斜摄影测量在矿山复垦动态监测的方法。以广州某露天矿山为试验对象,利用该技术获取4期的实景三维Mesh模型,并同步输出DEM和DLG,利用DEM和DLG数据分析土方回填标高、土方回填量、建筑物拆除情况等监测指标。试验结果表明,无人机倾斜摄影测量外业采集1.56 km^(2)的数据,耗时约1 h3 min55 s,GSD为2.51 cm/像素,较传统方法效率和精度均有所提高。另外,基于DLG数据统计的拆除面积为16442.36 m^(2),基于DEM数据计算的土方回填总量为0.017 km^(3),表明该技术可以进行数字化、可视化分析。本文研究为地区主管部门加强露天矿山复垦动态监测提供了技术支撑,对其他矿山复垦监测具有借鉴和参考意义。Traditional open-pit mine reclamation monitoring relies on satellite remote sensing and on-site investigation,but suffers from low precision and efficiency.To enhance dynamic monitoring and improve oversight,this paper explores UAV oblique photogrammetry.Using an open-pit mine in Guangzhou as a test case,the technology generated a real-life 3D Mesh model across four phases,synchronously outputting DEM and producing DLG through stereo acquisition.Monitoring indices such as earth backfill elevation,volume,and building demolition were analyzed using DEM and DLG data.Results indicate that UAV data collection over 1.56 km^(2)took about one hour,three minutes,and fifty-five seconds,with a GSD of 2.51 cm/pixels,marking an improvement in efficiency and accuracy over traditional methods.Additionally,the DLG data helped count a demolition area of 16442.36 m^(2),and DEM data allowed for the calculation of a total earth backfill volume of 0.017 km^(3),demonstrating the technology's digital and visual analysis capabilities.This study offers technical support for regional authorities in dynamically monitoring open-pit mine reclamation and provides references for monitoring other mines.

关 键 词：无人机 倾斜摄影测量 矿山复垦 动态监测 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]